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安裝環境:
操作系統:oracle linux 4.8 64位
集群軟件:10201_clusterware_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
數據庫:10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
cpu:1顆
內存:必須1.5G以上(一般是2G)
本地磁盤:20G(根分區17G,swap是4G,boot分區是512M)
asm下載地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/rhel4-092650.html#oracleasm_rhel4_amd64
asm軟件:oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
oracleasm-2.6.9-89.35.1.EL-2.0.5-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
oracle rac專業群:476687362
oracle dba專業群:581851278
IP地址劃分:
192.168.3.30 rac10g01 eth0
192.168.3.40 rac10g01 eth0
192.168.3.50 rac10g01-vip eth0:1
192.168.3.60 rac10g02-vip eth0:1
10.0.0.1 rac10g01-priv eth2
10.0.0.2 rac10g02-priv eth2
IP說明:
每臺服務器必須兩塊網卡, public ip和priv ip不能在同一網段.public和priv必須在網卡中寫明地址,vip在地址是數據庫自己添加的.
1.安裝操作系統,圖形化安裝
安裝系統時將iptable和selinux全部禁用
2.配置虛擬機的網卡
rac10g01節點:
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:54:80:1D
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=192.168.3.30
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:54:80:27
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=10.0.0.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac10g01 ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Setting network parameters: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth2: [ OK ]
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
rac10g02節點:
[root@rac10g02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:25:63:D2
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=192.168.3.40
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac10g02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:25:63:DC
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=10.0.0.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac10g02 ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Setting network parameters: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth2: [ OK ]
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
3.配置hosts文件,主機名與IP地址解析(兩個節點都是一樣的)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.3.30 localhost.localdomain localhost --在兩個節點分別寫入這行,IP地址是本機的
192.168.3.30 rac10g01
192.168.3.40 rac10g02
192.168.3.50 rac10g01-vip
192.168.3.60 rac10g02-vip
10.0.0.1 rac10g01-priv
10.0.0.2 rac10g02-priv
[root@rac10g01 ~]# ping rac10g01 --所有的地址都ping一下,檢查是否有問題
4.光盤鏡像掛載,安裝軟件依賴包(兩個節點是一樣的)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/hdc is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/tong.repo
[tong]
name=tong
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[root@rac10g01 ~]# yum list
[root@rac10g01 ~]# yum install binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-296 control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat setarch glibc-devel libaio ksh glibc-headers libgnome libgcc libgnomeui libgomp openmotif libXp -y
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
5.修改內核參數(兩個節點必須一至)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
[root@rac10g01 ~]# sysctl -p
6.創建用戶，用戶組,用戶設置密碼(兩個節點必須一至)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 501 dba
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 502 oper
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 503 asmadmin
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 504 asmdba
[root@rac10g01 ~]# groupadd -g 505 asmoper
[root@rac10g01 ~]# useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle oracle
[root@rac10g01 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
7.創建oracle與grid存放的目錄(兩個節點必須一至)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/db_1
[root@rac10g01 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1
[root@rac10g01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/
8.修改用戶對文件打開的限制(兩個節點一至)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft memlock 5242880
oracle hard memlock 524280
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
9.添加oracle用戶的環境變量(兩個節點一至)
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1/db_1
export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=$CRS_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=rac10g1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
[root@rac10g01 ~]# . /home/oracle/.bash_profile
10.oracle用戶的ssh互相信任(兩個節點一至)
rac10g01節點:
[root@rac10g01 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac10g01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
cb:63:66:59:9d:7a:68:8f:4c:de:83:c4:f3:f4:19:97 oracle@rac10g01
[oracle@rac10g01 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$ scp id_rsa.pub oracle@rac10g02:/home/oracle/
The authenticity of host 'rac10g02 (192.168.3.40)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 43:20:d8:f6:01:f1:e0:c0:9a:5f:6c:e2:f8:76:3e:3a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'rac10g02,192.168.3.40' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@rac10g02's password:
id_rsa.pub 100% 225 0.2KB/s 00:00
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$
rac10g02節點:
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.2
The key fingerprint is:
cb:63:66:59:9d:7a:68:8f:4c:de:83:c4:f3:f4:19:97 oracle@rac10g02
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> ./ssh/id_rsa.pub
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ mv ./ssh/id_rsa.pub ./ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ scp ./ssh/authorized_keys oracle@rac10g01:/home/oracle/.ssh/
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$ ssh rac10g01 date --兩邊節點都要測試,必須通過
Sat Nov 12 22:39:54 CST 2016
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$ ssh rac10g02 date
Sat Nov 12 22:40:03 CST 2016
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$ ssh rac10g02-priv date
Sat Nov 12 22:40:07 CST 2016
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$ ssh rac10g01-priv date
Sat Nov 12 22:40:04 CST 2016
[oracle@rac10g01 .ssh]$
11.添加本地磁盤,安裝oracleasm軟件,設置asm自動存儲管理
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [100%]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-2.6.9-89.35.1.EL-2.0.5-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasm-2.6.9-89.35.1########################################### [100%]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el4.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface [oracle]: oracle
Default group to own the driver interface [dba]: dba
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/sdb --磁盤分區
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-130, default 130):
Using default value 130
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@rac10g01 ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1 --vote disk和crs磁盤使用的
/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 17
[root@rac10g01 ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 33
[root@rac10g01 ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdd1
/dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 8, minor 49
[root@rac10g01 ~]# raw /dev/raw/raw4 /dev/sde1
/dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 8, minor 65
[root@rac10g01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices
/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1
/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdd1
/dev/raw/raw4 /dev/sde1
[root@rac10g01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /dev/raw
[root@rac10g01 ~]# ll /dev/raw/raw*
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Nov 13 00:49 /dev/raw/raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 Nov 13 00:50 /dev/raw/raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 Nov 13 00:50 /dev/raw/raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 Nov 13 00:50 /dev/raw/raw4
[root@rac10g01 ~]# udevstart
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL05 /dev/sdf1 --其它盤都是一樣的
Marking disk "VOL05" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL06 /dev/sdg1
Marking disk "VOL06" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL05
VOL06
[root@rac10g01 Desktop]#
rac10g02節點:
[root@rac10g02 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks:
[root@rac10g02 Desktop]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL05
VOL06
[root@rac10g02 Desktop]#
12.cluster集群軟件安裝(安裝之前檢查下條件)
[oracle@rac10g01 ~]$ cd clusterware/cluvfy/
[oracle@rac10g01 cluvfy]$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac10g01,rac10g02 -verbose
rac10g01節點:
[root@rac10g01 ~]# sh /u01/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@rac10g01 ~]# sh /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/
crs_1/ db_1/
[root@rac10g01 ~]# sh /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up NS directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: rac10g01 rac10g01-priv rac10g01
node 2: rac10g02 rac10g02-priv rac10g02
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw3
Format of 1 voting devices complete.
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
CSS is active on these nodes.
rac10g01
CSS is inactive on these nodes.
rac10g02
Local node checking complete.
Run root.sh on remaining nodes to start CRS daemons.
[root@rac10g01 ~]#
rac10g02節點:
[root@rac10g02 ~]# sh /u01/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@rac10g02 ~]#
在rac10g02節點執行root.sh之前要修改vipca和srvctl文件的內容(兩個節點都要修改)
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ vim /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/vipca
LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL --在下面添加紅色的內容
unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ vim /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/srvctl
LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL --在下面添加紅色的內容
unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
[root@rac10g02 ~]# sh /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/root.sh
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up NS directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle/product' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01/oracle' is not owned by root
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>
node 1: rac10g01 rac10g01-priv rac10g01
node 2: rac10g02 rac10g02-priv rac10g02
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw3
Format of 1 voting devices complete.
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
/etc/profile: line 61: ulimit: open files: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
CSS is active on these nodes.
rac10g01
rac10g02
CSS is active on all nodes.
Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to start
Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to start
Oracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)
Running vipca(silent) for configuring nodeapps
The given interface(s), "eth0" is not public. Public interfaces should be used to configure virtual IPs.
[root@rac10g02 ~]#
如果出現以下錯誤,請手動修改public IP和cluster IP地址
Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])
[Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])]
[root@rac10g02 ~]# /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.3.0:public
[root@rac10g02 ~]# /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/oifcfg setif -global eth0/10.0.0.0:cluster_interconnect
[root@rac10g02 ~]# /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/oifcfg getif
eth0 192.168.3.0 global public
eth0 10.0.0.0 global cluster_interconnect
[root@rac10g02 ~]#
然后在rac10g01節點執行vipca,創建虛擬IP地址
[root@rac10g01 ~]# /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/crs_1/bin/vipca
退出vipca窗口,繼續安裝cluster軟件
13.驗證cluster安裝成功
rac10g01節點:
[oracle@rac10g01 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....g01.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g01.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g01.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g02.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
ora....g02.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
ora....g02.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
[oracle@rac10g01 ~]$
rac10g02節點:
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....g01.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g01.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g01.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g01
ora....g02.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
ora....g02.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
ora....g02.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac10g02
[oracle@rac10g02 ~]$
oracle database安裝地址:http://tongcheng.blog.51cto.com/6214144/1872299
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