linux下使用fpm封裝制作rpm包

一、說明：fpm的功能就是將一種類型的包轉換成另一種類型

?????????????? fpm支持的源類型包：

????????????????????????????????? dir? :將目錄打包成所需要的類型用于源碼編譯安裝的軟件包；

????????????????????????????????? rpm:對rpm進行轉換；

????????????????????????????????? gem:對rubygem包進行轉換；

????????????????????????????????? python:將python模塊打包成相應的類型

?????????????? fpm支持的目標類型包：

????????????????????????????????? rpm:轉換為rpm包

????????????????????????????????? deb:轉換為deb包

???????????????????????????????? solari:轉換為solaris包

???????????????????????????????? puppet:轉換成pupper包

?????????????? fpm常用參數：

???????????????????????????????? -s:指定源類型；

???????????????????????????????? -t:指定目標類型，即想要制作什么包；

???????????????????????????????? -n:指定包的名字

???????????????????????????????? -v:指定包的版本號

???????????????????????????????? -c:??? 指定打包的相對路徑

???????????????????????????????? -d:指定依賴于哪些包；

??????????????????????????????? -f:第二次包時目錄下如果有同名安裝包存在，則覆蓋它；

??????????????????????????????? -p:制作的rpm安裝包存放路徑，不指定就在當前目錄下；

??????????????????????????????? --post-install:軟件包安裝完成之后所要運行的腳本；

??????????????????????????????? --post-uninstall:軟件包卸載完成之后所要運行的腳本；

??????????????????????????????? --pre-install:軟件包安裝完成之前所要運行的腳本；

??????????????????????????????? --pre-uninstall:軟件包卸載完成之前所要運行的腳本；

?????????????????????????????? --prefix:制作好的rpm包默認安裝路徑??????????

? 二、安裝fpm

???????????????????????????? #yum install –y ruby rubygems? ruby-devel???????????????????? #安裝fpm前需要先安裝ruby,rubygem;

???????????????????????????? #移除原生的ruby倉庫，添加淘寶的ruby倉庫：

????????????????? # gem sources --add http://gems.ruby-china.com/ --remove http://rubygems.org/

??????????????????????????????? http://gems.ruby-china.com/ added to sources

???????????????????????????????? http://rubygems.org/ removed from sources

???????????????? [root@jump ~]# gem sources -l

????????????????????????????? *** CURRENT SOURCES ***

?????????????????????????????? http://gems.ruby-china.com/

?????????????????? [root@jump ~]# gem install fpm

???????????????????? ERROR: Error installing fpm:

??????????????????????? ffi requires Ruby version >= 1.9.????? #安裝出現這種錯誤，請先安裝ffi,json,同時也是ruby版本太低的緣故了；

????????????????????? #gem install json –v 1.8.0

????????????????????? #gem install ffi? -v 1.9.18

???????????????????? #wget https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.5/ruby-2.5.3.tar.gz

　　　　#tar xf ruby-2.5.3.tar.gz

????????????????? #cd ruby-2.5.3

?????????????????? #./configure –prefix=/usr/local/ruby

????????????????? #make && make install

???????????????? #echo “export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/ruby/bin” >>/etc/profile

??????????????? #source /etc/profile

[root@jump ruby-2.5.3]# gem install fpm??????????????????? #安裝fpm時出現如下錯誤，

ERROR: Loading command: install (LoadError)

cannot load such file -- zlib

ERROR: While executing gem ... (NoMethodError)

undefined method `invoke_with_build_args' for nil:NilClass

查過資料，是因為沒有安裝zlib-devel的緣故

安裝zlib-devel

#yum install –y zlib-devel

#cd ruby-2.5.3/ext/zlib

#ruby ./extconf.rb???? #當這一步出現如下錯誤：make: *** No rule to make target `/include/ruby.h', needed by `zlib.o'. Stop.請進行這一步操作：

#vim? ruby-2.5.3/ext/zlib/Makefile

#zlib.o: $(top_srcdir)/include/ruby.h #把這一行替換成下面一行

zlib.o: ../../include/ruby.h

#make? && make install

#gem install fpm

Fetching: stud-0.0.23.gem (100%)

Successfully installed stud-0.0.23

Fetching: cabin-0.9.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cabin-0.9.0

Fetching: clamp-1.0.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed clamp-1.0.1

Fetching: mustache-0.99.8.gem (100%)

Successfully installed mustache-0.99.8

Fetching: insist-1.0.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed insist-1.0.0

Fetching: dotenv-2.5.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed dotenv-2.5.0

Fetching: pleaserun-0.0.30.gem (100%)

Successfully installed pleaserun-0.0.30

Fetching: ffi-1.9.25.gem (100%)

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

Successfully installed ffi-1.9.25

Fetching: io-like-0.3.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed io-like-0.3.0

Fetching: ruby-xz-0.2.3.gem (100%)

Successfully installed ruby-xz-0.2.3

Fetching: childprocess-0.9.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed childprocess-0.9.0

Fetching: arr-pm-0.0.10.gem (100%)

Successfully installed arr-pm-0.0.10

Fetching: backports-3.11.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed backports-3.11.4

Fetching: json-1.8.6.gem (100%)

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

Successfully installed json-1.8.6

Successfully installed fpm-1.10.2

Parsing documentation for stud-0.0.23

Installing ri documentation for stud-0.0.23

Parsing documentation for cabin-0.9.0

Installing ri documentation for cabin-0.9.0

Parsing documentation for clamp-1.0.1

Installing ri documentation for clamp-1.0.1

Parsing documentation for mustache-0.99.8

Installing ri documentation for mustache-0.99.8

Parsing documentation for insist-1.0.0

Installing ri documentation for insist-1.0.0

Parsing documentation for dotenv-2.5.0

Installing ri documentation for dotenv-2.5.0

Parsing documentation for pleaserun-0.0.30

Installing ri documentation for pleaserun-0.0.30

Parsing documentation for ffi-1.9.25

Installing ri documentation for ffi-1.9.25

Parsing documentation for io-like-0.3.0

Installing ri documentation for io-like-0.3.0

Parsing documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3

Installing ri documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3

Parsing documentation for childprocess-0.9.0

Installing ri documentation for childprocess-0.9.0

Parsing documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10

Installing ri documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10

Parsing documentation for backports-3.11.4

Installing ri documentation for backports-3.11.4

Parsing documentation for json-1.8.6

Installing ri documentation for json-1.8.6

Parsing documentation for fpm-1.10.2

Installing ri documentation for fpm-1.10.2

Done installing documentation for stud, cabin, clamp, mustache, insist, dotenv, pleaserun, ffi, io-like, ruby-xz, childprocess, arr-pm, backports, json, fpm after 28 seconds

15 gems installed

至此fpm安裝成功了；

三、打包：

? # fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.14.1 -d 'pcre-devel,openssl-devel' --post-install /server/scripts/nginx_rpm.sh -f /application/nginx-1.14.1/