Hive 部署

安裝mysql ，并創建hive庫及授權如下操作：

[root@oversea-stable mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@oversea-stable mysql]# grep temporary /var/log/mysqld.log 
2018-06-15T06:51:27.814464Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rdhC?1g+NSH,
2018-06-15T06:51:31.666047Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
[root@oversea-stable mysql]# mysql -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '********';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database hive character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on hive.* to 'hive'@'localhost' identified by '********';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on hive.* to 'hive'@'%' identified by '********'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@oversea-stable ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

下載hive 2.3.3版本，并解壓如下所示:

[hadoop@bus-stable ~]$ wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hive/stable-2/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz
--2018-06-15 15:00:41--  http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hive/stable-2/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz
Resolving mirrors.hust.edu.cn (mirrors.hust.edu.cn)... 202.114.18.160
Connecting to mirrors.hust.edu.cn (mirrors.hust.edu.cn)|202.114.18.160|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 232229830 (221M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz’

100%[==========================================================================>] 232,229,830  635KB/s   in 12m 2s 

2018-06-15 15:12:43 (314 KB/s) - ‘apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz’ saved [232229830/232229830]

[hadoop@bus-stable ~]$ tar xfz apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz  -C /opt/
[hadoop@bus-stable ~]$ cd /opt/
[hadoop@bus-stable opt]$ ln -s apache-hive-2.3.3-bin hive
[hadoop@bus-stable opt]$ cd hive/conf/
 默認沒有提供hive-site.xml，僅提供了配置模板hive-default.xml.template，需要把它復制成hive-site.xml
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ cp hive-env.sh{.template,}
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ 
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ vim hive-env.sh
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ tail -8 hive-env.sh
# Set HADOOP_HOME to point to a specific hadoop install directory
HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop

# Hive Configuration Directory can be controlled by:
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/hive/conf

# Folder containing extra libraries required for hive compilation/execution can be controlled by:
export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/opt/hive/lib
[hadoop@bus-stable conf]$ 

配置JDBC
復制JDBC的連接文件到 hive/lib 下，如下操作：

[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ cd /tmp/
[hadoop@bus-stable tmp]$ tar xfz mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.tar.gz 
[hadoop@bus-stable tmp]$ cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.46/mysql-connector-java-5.1.46-bin.jar /opt/hive/lib/
[hadoop@bus-stable tmp]$ 
[root@bus-stable ~]# vim /etc/profile
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH

在HDFS上創建hive所用目錄
因為在 hive-site.xml 中有默認如下配置：

  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
    <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
    <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>
  </property>

所以進入 hadoop 安裝目錄 執行hadoop命令，在hdfs上新建/user/hive/warehouse目錄，并授權用于存儲文件，如下操作：

[hadoop@bus-stable opt]$ cd hadoop
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse  
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/tmp 
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/log  
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/hive/warehouse  
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/hive/tmp  
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /user/hive/log
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$

用以下命令檢查目錄是否創建成功
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ hadoop fs -ls /user/hive
Found 3 items
drwxrwxrwx   - hadoop supergroup          0 2018-06-15 16:13 /user/hive/log
drwxrwxrwx   - hadoop supergroup          0 2018-06-15 16:13 /user/hive/tmp
drwxrwxrwx   - hadoop supergroup          0 2018-06-15 16:13 /user/hive/warehouse
[hadoop@bus-stable hadoop]$ 

修改 hive-site.xml
(1) 搜索hive.exec.scratchdir,將該name對應的value修改為/user/hive/tmp

<property>  
    <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>  
    <value>/user/hive/tmp</value>  
</property>  

(2) 搜索hive.querylog.location,將該name對應的value修改為/user/hive/log/hadoop

<property>
    <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
    <value>/user/hive/log/hadoop</value>
    <description>Location of Hive run time structured log file</description>
</property>

(3) 搜索javax.jdo.option.connectionURL,將該name對應的value修改為MySQL的地址

<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:mysql://oversea-stable:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false</value>
    <description>
      JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore.
      To use SSL to encrypt/authenticate the connection, provide database-specific SSL flag in the connection URL.
      For example, jdbc:postgresql://myhost/db?ssl=true for postgres database.
    </description>
  </property>

(4) 搜索javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName，將該name對應的value修改為MySQL驅動類路徑

<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>

(5) 搜索javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName，將對應的value修改為MySQL數據庫登錄名

<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>hive</value>
    <description>Username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

(6) 搜索javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword，將對應的value修改為MySQL數據庫的登錄密碼

<property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
    <value>hive_db_password</value>
    <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

(7) 指定hive 運行的tmp目錄
創建 tmp 目錄
[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ mkdir tmp
并在 hive-site.xml 中修改
把 ${system:java.io.tmpdir} 改成 /opt/hive/tmp
把 {system:user.name} 改成 {user.name}

初始化mysql 如下操作：

[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ bin/schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql 
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/hadoop-2.9.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:        jdbc:mysql://oversea-stable:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
Metastore Connection Driver :    com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:       hive
Starting metastore schema initialization to 2.3.0
Initialization script hive-schema-2.3.0.mysql.sql
Initialization script completed
schemaTool completed
[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ 

運行hive，并測試 如下操作：

[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ hive
which: no hbase in (/usr/java/latest/bin:/opt/hadoop/bin:/opt/hive/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin)
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/hadoop-2.9.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/hive-common-2.3.3.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive>  create database inspiry; 
OK
Time taken: 5.999 seconds
hive> use inspiry; 
OK
Time taken: 0.032 seconds
hive>  create table test (mykey string,myval string);
OK
Time taken: 0.657 seconds
hive> insert into test values("1","www.inspiry.cn");
WARNING: Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
Query ID = hadoop_20180615164443_64b15698-8522-45d0-8867-a0271f2c88be
Total jobs = 3
Launching Job 1 out of 3
Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since there's no reduce operator
Starting Job = job_1529036356241_0005, Tracking URL = http://oversea-stable:8088/proxy/application_1529036356241_0005/
Kill Command = /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop job  -kill job_1529036356241_0005
Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 0
2018-06-15 16:45:08,423 Stage-1 map = 0%,  reduce = 0%
2018-06-15 16:45:17,910 Stage-1 map = 100%,  reduce = 0%, Cumulative CPU 2.58 sec
MapReduce Total cumulative CPU time: 2 seconds 580 msec
Ended Job = job_1529036356241_0005
Stage-4 is selected by condition resolver.
Stage-3 is filtered out by condition resolver.
Stage-5 is filtered out by condition resolver.
Moving data to directory hdfs://inspiryhdfs/user/hive/warehouse/inspiry.db/test/.hive-staging_hive_2018-06-15_16-44-43_063_5287772895297314577-1/-ext-10000
Loading data to table inspiry.test
MapReduce Jobs Launched: 
Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1   Cumulative CPU: 2.58 sec   HDFS Read: 4081 HDFS Write: 85 SUCCESS
Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 2 seconds 580 msec
OK
Time taken: 37.688 seconds
hive>  select * from test;
OK
1       www.inspiry.cn
Time taken: 0.235 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> quit;
[hadoop@bus-stable hive]$ 

在瀏覽器中查看HDFS 下inspiry庫test表 如下圖所示：