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這篇文章主要介紹“CentOS7下怎么配置虛擬路由器”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在CentOS7下怎么配置虛擬路由器問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對大家解答”CentOS7下怎么配置虛擬路由器”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學習吧！
一、環境及需求說明
本地測試環境，由于win7+vmware這臺機器網卡太新，無法被vmware exsi識別，無奈之下就直接裝了個win7，然后再上面基于vmware workstation 12開啟了一些臨時測試的虛擬機。其次本地直連網段192.168.1.0 ip有限，而又希望直接從本機(如圖win10) ssh連接到這些虛擬機，因此考慮使用linux的ip轉發功能來實現。
上述圖片中已經列出了各個節點的ip信息，紅色的虛擬機充當軟路由，配置好之后，實現win10 直接ssh到虛擬機。
二、虛擬路由服務器配置
###查看網卡信息 [root@centos7-router ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <loopback,up,lower_up> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state unknown link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eno16777728: <broadcast,multicast,up,lower_up> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state up qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:9c:eb:2d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.24.8.254/24 brd 172.24.8.255 scope global eno16777728 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:eb2d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eno33554960: <broadcast,multicast,up,lower_up> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state up qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:9c:eb:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.175/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic eno33554960 valid_lft 82384sec preferred_lft 82384sec inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:eb37/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ###查看路由表 [root@centos7-router ~]# route -n kernel ip routing table ###缺省情況下，每塊網卡都有一個基于本網段的路由記錄 destination gateway genmask flags metric ref use iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 ug 100 0 0 eno33554960 172.24.8.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 u 100 0 0 eno16777728 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 u 100 0 0 eno33554960 ###使用ip命令方式查看路由 [root@centos7-router ~]# ip route list default via 192.168.1.1 dev eno33554960 proto static metric 100 172.24.8.0/24 dev eno16777728 proto kernel scope link src 172.24.8.254 metric 100 192.168.1.0/24 dev eno33554960 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.175 metric 100 ###開啟ip forward [root@centos7-router ~]# cp /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf.bk [root@centos7-router ~]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >>/usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf [root@centos7-router ~]# grep ip_forward /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 [root@centos7-router ~]# sysctl -p ###如不生效重啟一下os
三、centos7-a主機下添加路由
###查看當前主機ip 信息 [root@centos7-a ~]# ip addr list 1: lo: <loopback,up,lower_up> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state unknown link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eno16777728: <broadcast,multicast,up,lower_up> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state up qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:57:26:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.24.8.131/24 brd 172.24.8.255 scope global dynamic eno16777728 valid_lft 1088sec preferred_lft 1088sec inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe57:269d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ###查看當前主機路由信息 [root@centos7-a ~]# ip route list 172.24.8.0/24 dev eno16777728 proto kernel scope link src 172.24.8.131 metric 100 [root@centos7-a ~]# # author : leshami [root@centos7-a ~]# # blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami [root@centos7-a ~]# ip route add default via 172.24.8.254 [root@centos7-a ~]# ip route list default via 172.24.8.254 dev eno16777728 172.24.8.0/24 dev eno16777728 proto kernel scope link src 172.24.8.131 metric 100 ###測試到虛擬路由器網關ip連通性 [root@centos7-a ~]# ping 172.24.8.254 -c 2 ping 172.24.8.254 (172.24.8.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.24.8.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.268 ms 64 bytes from 172.24.8.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.302 ms --- 172.24.8.254 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.268/0.285/0.302/0.017 ms ###測試到虛擬路由器ip連通性 [root@centos7-a ~]# ping 192.168.1.175 -c 2 ping 192.168.1.175 (192.168.1.175) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.175: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.475 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.175: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.443 ms --- 192.168.1.175 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.443/0.459/0.475/0.016 ms
四、windows 10下配置路由
###當前環境 c:\>systeminfo | findstr build os version: 10.0.14393 n/a build 14393 os build type: multiprocessor free ###查看當前的路由信息 c:\>route print -4 =========================================================================== interface list 7...54 ab 3a xx b8 ea ......intel(r) ethernet connection i219-v 21...ac 2b 6e 5f 3b 57 ......microsoft wi-fi direct virtual adapter ...... =========================================================================== ipv4 route table =========================================================================== active routes: network destination netmask gateway interface metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.242 35 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 172.24.10.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 172.24.10.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 172.24.10.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.1.242 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.16.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 192.168.16.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 192.168.16.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 =========================================================================== persistent routes: none ###添加持久化路由 c:\>route add 172.24.8.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.175 -p ok! c:\>route print -4 ipv4 route table =========================================================================== active routes: network destination netmask gateway interface metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.242 35 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 172.24.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.175 192.168.1.242 36 172.24.10.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 172.24.10.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 172.24.10.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.1.242 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 192.168.16.0 255.255.255.0 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 192.168.16.1 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 192.168.16.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 127.0.0.1 331 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.1.242 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 192.168.16.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 on-link 172.24.10.1 291 =========================================================================== persistent routes: ###以下為添加的持久化路由記錄 network address netmask gateway address metric 172.24.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.175 1 ===========================================================================
五、驗證兩邊連通性
###從linux端ping windows 10 [root@centos7-a ~]# ping 192.168.1.242 -c 2 ping 192.168.1.242 (192.168.1.242) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.242: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.70 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.242: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.10 ms --- 192.168.1.242 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.101/1.404/1.707/0.303 ms ###從windows 10端ping linux c:\>ping 172.24.8.131 -t pinging 172.24.8.131 with 32 bytes of data: reply from 172.24.8.131: bytes=32 time=1ms ttl=63 reply from 172.24.8.131: bytes=32 time=1ms ttl=63
注，如果測試有問題，請考慮是否被防火墻攔住。
到此，關于“CentOS7下怎么配置虛擬路由器”的學習就結束了，希望能夠解決大家的疑惑。理論與實踐的搭配能更好的幫助大家學習，快去試試吧！若想繼續學習更多相關知識，請繼續關注億速云網站，小編會繼續努力為大家帶來更多實用的文章！
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