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本文實例為大家分享了pygame實現俄羅斯方塊游戲的具體代碼，基礎的第一篇，供大家參考，具體內容如下
一、初始界面
之前的游戲都比較簡單，所以代碼都是面向過程的寫法，這次游戲后面可能會寫比較復雜（比如人機對戰、聯機對戰、使用道具對戰等），這次面向對象一點來寫這個項目。
游戲的窗口設計一個專門的Panel類便于負責單個游戲窗口的管理控制。
游戲主窗口按每個方塊30像素，那么寬3010=300，高是3020=600
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個游戲窗口的版面
def __init__(self,bg, position):
self._bg=bg;
self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
def paint(self):
mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width)
def run():
pygame.init()
space=40
main_panel_width=300
main_panel_height=main_panel_width*2
screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((main_panel_width+160+space*3,main_panel_height+space*2)) #設置窗口長寬
main_panel=Panel(screen,[space,space,main_panel_width,main_panel_height])
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
exit()
screen.fill((100,100,100)) # 將界面設置為灰色
main_panel.paint() # 主面盤繪制
pygame.display.update() # 必須調用update才能看到繪圖顯示
run()
效果圖
二、方塊管理
這里首先想到方塊不同種類的可以使用工廠模式，所以先定義一個基類的Block，然后不同種類的方塊分別繼承自這個Block類，分別有這樣七種方塊
class Block(object): def __init__(self): self.rect_arr=[] def get_rect_arr(self): # 用于獲取方塊種的四個矩形列表 return self.rect_arr def move(self,xdiff,ydiff): # 用于移動方塊的方法 self.new_rect_arr=[] for x,y in self.rect_arr: self.new_rect_arr.append((x+xdiff,y+ydiff)) self.rect_arr=self.new_rect_arr class LongBlock(Block): def __init__(self, n=None): # 兩種形態 super(LongBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1) self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)] class SquareBlock(Block): # 一種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(SquareBlock, self).__init__() self.rect_arr=[(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)] class ZBlock(Block): # 兩種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(ZBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1) self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(2,1),(1,1),(1,2)] if n==0 else [(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)] class SBlock(Block): # 兩種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(SBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1) self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(1,1),(2,1)] class LBlock(Block): # 四種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(LBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3) if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)] elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)] elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)] else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,0)] class JBlock(Block): # 四種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(JBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3) if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,2)] elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,0)] elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)] else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] class TBlock(Block): # 四種形態 def __init__(self, n=None): super(TBlock, self).__init__() if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3) if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)] elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,1)] elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,0)] else: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)]
三、創建方塊和方塊落下
定義一個創建方塊的函數
def create_block(): n = random.randint(0,19) if n==0: return SquareBlock(n=0) elif n==1 or n==2: return LongBlock(n=n-1) elif n==3 or n==4: return ZBlock(n=n-3) elif n==5 or n==6: return SBlock(n=n-5) elif n>=7 and n<=10: return LBlock(n=n-7) elif n>=11 and n<=14: return JBlock(n=n-11) else: return TBlock(n=n-15)
給Panel類加一下當前移動方塊的屬性，并且修改它的paint方法，將移動方塊繪制
class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個游戲窗口的版面 moving_block=None # 正在落下的方塊 def __init__(self,bg, block_size, position): self._bg=bg; self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position self._block_size=block_size self._bgcolor=[0,0,0] def create_move_block(self): block = create_block() block.move(5-2,-2) # 方塊挪到中間 self.moving_block=block def move_block(self): self.moving_block.move(0,1) def paint(self): mid_x=self._x+self._width/2 pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) # 用一個粗線段來填充背景 # 繪制正在落下的方塊 if self.move_block: for rect in self.moving_block.get_rect_arr(): x,y=rect pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz) pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)
主循環中創建方塊并將方塊調整到下落的起始位置
main_panel.create_move_block()
設定位置刷新時間
diff_ticks = 300 # 移動一次蛇頭的事件，單位毫秒 ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + diff_ticks
在主循環中刷新當前移動方塊的位置
if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= ticks: ticks+=diff_ticks main_panel.move_block()
當前可以看到方塊下落的效果了
四、方塊落地的判斷
在Block類里增加一個移動判斷函數，下面這個這個can_move函數可以判斷方塊是不是落到底部了
def can_move(self,xdiff,ydiff): for x,y in self.rect_arr: if y+ydiff>=20: return False return True
修改Panel的move函數，改為
def move_block(self): if self.moving_block is None: create_move_block() if self.moving_block.can_move(0,1): self.moving_block.move(0,1) else: self.add_block(self.moving_block) self.create_move_block()
這里增加了一個add_block函數，用于將已經落地的方塊存起來，所以Panel另外做了三處改動
1.增加一個存已落下方塊的數組變量
rect_arr=[] # 已經落底下的方塊
2.定義add_block函數
def add_block(self,block): for rect in block.get_rect_arr(): self.rect_arr.append(rect)
3.在paint里進行self.rect_arr的繪制
# 繪制已經落底下的方塊 bz=self._block_size for rect in self.rect_arr: x,y=rect pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz) pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)
現在可以看到方塊會落到底部，然后新的方塊落下了
貼下目前的完整程序
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個游戲窗口的版面
rect_arr=[] # 已經落底下的方塊
moving_block=None # 正在落下的方塊
def __init__(self,bg, block_size, position):
self._bg=bg;
self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
self._block_size=block_size
self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
def add_block(self,block):
for rect in block.get_rect_arr():
self.rect_arr.append(rect)
def create_move_block(self):
block = create_block()
block.move(5-2,-2) # 方塊挪到中間
self.moving_block=block
def move_block(self):
if self.moving_block is None: create_move_block()
if self.moving_block.can_move(0,1):
self.moving_block.move(0,1)
else:
self.add_block(self.moving_block)
self.create_move_block()
def paint(self):
mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) # 用一個粗線段來填充背景
# 繪制已經落底下的方塊
bz=self._block_size
for rect in self.rect_arr:
x,y=rect
pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)
# 繪制正在落下的方塊
if self.move_block:
for rect in self.moving_block.get_rect_arr():
x,y=rect
pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)
class Block(object):
def __init__(self):
self.rect_arr=[]
def get_rect_arr(self): # 用于獲取方塊種的四個矩形列表
return self.rect_arr
def move(self,xdiff,ydiff): # 用于移動方塊的方法
self.new_rect_arr=[]
for x,y in self.rect_arr:
self.new_rect_arr.append((x+xdiff,y+ydiff))
self.rect_arr=self.new_rect_arr
def can_move(self,xdiff,ydiff):
for x,y in self.rect_arr:
if y+ydiff>=20: return False
return True
class LongBlock(Block):
def __init__(self, n=None): # 兩種形態
super(LongBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)]
class SquareBlock(Block): # 一種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(SquareBlock, self).__init__()
self.rect_arr=[(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)]
class ZBlock(Block): # 兩種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(ZBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(2,1),(1,1),(1,2)] if n==0 else [(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]
class SBlock(Block): # 兩種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(SBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(1,1),(2,1)]
class LBlock(Block): # 四種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(LBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]
elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)]
elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,0)]
class JBlock(Block): # 四種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(JBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,2)]
elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,0)]
elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)]
class TBlock(Block): # 四種形態
def __init__(self, n=None):
super(TBlock, self).__init__()
if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]
elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,1)]
elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,0)]
else: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)]
def create_block():
n = random.randint(0,19)
if n==0: return SquareBlock(n=0)
elif n==1 or n==2: return LongBlock(n=n-1)
elif n==3 or n==4: return ZBlock(n=n-3)
elif n==5 or n==6: return SBlock(n=n-5)
elif n>=7 and n<=10: return LBlock(n=n-7)
elif n>=11 and n<=14: return JBlock(n=n-11)
else: return TBlock(n=n-15)
def run():
pygame.init()
space=30
main_block_size=30
main_panel_width=main_block_size*10
main_panel_height=main_block_size*20
screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((main_panel_width+160+space*3,main_panel_height+space*2)) #設置窗口長寬
main_panel=Panel(screen,main_block_size,[space,space,main_panel_width,main_panel_height])
main_panel.create_move_block()
diff_ticks = 300 # 移動一次蛇頭的事件，單位毫秒
ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + diff_ticks
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
exit()
screen.fill((100,100,100)) # 將界面設置為灰色
main_panel.paint() # 主面盤繪制
pygame.display.update() # 必須調用update才能看到繪圖顯示
if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= ticks:
ticks+=diff_ticks
main_panel.move_block()
run()
這章先寫到這，下章繼續
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。
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