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在Go語言中設計一個高效的緩存系統,可以使用sync.Map
來存儲緩存數據,并結合自定義的緩存索引和緩存審計功能。以下是一個示例實現:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
// CacheItem represents a single cache item with its value and expiration time.
type CacheItem struct {
Value interface{}
Expiration time.Time
}
// Cache represents the cache system with custom indexing and auditing.
type Cache struct {
mu sync.RWMutex
items map[string]CacheItem
index map[string]string // Custom index for quick lookup
auditLog []string // Audit log for tracking cache accesses
}
// NewCache creates a new cache instance.
func NewCache() *Cache {
return &Cache{
items: make(map[string]CacheItem),
index: make(map[string]string),
}
}
// Set adds or updates a cache item with a given key and value, and an expiration time.
func (c *Cache) Set(key string, value interface{}, ttl time.Duration) {
c.mu.Lock()
defer c.mu.Unlock()
expiration := time.Now().Add(ttl)
c.items[key] = CacheItem{Value: value, Expiration: expiration}
// Update the custom index if necessary
if existingIndex, exists := c.index[key]; exists {
delete(c.index, existingIndex)
}
c.index[key] = key
// Add to audit log
c.auditLog = append(c.auditLog, fmt.Sprintf("Set %s with value %v", key, value))
}
// Get retrieves a cache item by its key if it exists and is not expired.
func (c *Cache) Get(key string) (interface{}, bool) {
c.mu.RLock()
defer c.mu.RUnlock()
item, exists := c.items[key]
if !exists || time.Now().After(item.Expiration) {
return nil, false
}
// Update the custom index if necessary
if existingIndex, exists := c.index[key]; exists {
delete(c.index, existingIndex)
}
c.index[key] = key
// Add to audit log
c.auditLog = append(c.auditLog, fmt.Sprintf("Get %s with value %v", key, item.Value))
return item.Value, true
}
// Delete removes a cache item by its key.
func (c *Cache) Delete(key string) {
c.mu.Lock()
defer c.mu.Unlock()
delete(c.items, key)
delete(c.index, key)
// Add to audit log
c.auditLog = append(c.auditLog, fmt.Sprintf("Delete %s", key))
}
// AuditLog returns the audit log of cache accesses.
func (c *Cache) AuditLog() []string {
c.mu.RLock()
defer c.mu.RUnlock()
return append([]string(nil), c.auditLog...)
}
func main() {
cache := NewCache()
// Set some cache items
cache.Set("key1", "value1", 5*time.Second)
cache.Set("key2", "value2", 10*time.Second)
// Get a cache item
if value, ok := cache.Get("key1"); ok {
fmt.Println("Got value:", value)
} else {
fmt.Println("Key1 not found or expired")
}
// Delete a cache item
cache.Delete("key1")
// Print audit log
for _, entry := range cache.AuditLog() {
fmt.Println(entry)
}
}
mu
: 讀寫鎖,用于保護緩存數據的并發訪問。items
: 存儲緩存項的映射。index
: 自定義索引,用于快速查找緩存項。auditLog
: 審計日志,用于記錄緩存訪問操作。通過這種方式,可以實現一個具有自定義索引和審計功能的緩存系統。
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