LNMP環境下PHP應用的WebSocket支持

在LNMP（Linux, Nginx, MySQL, PHP）環境下，為PHP應用添加WebSocket支持可以通過多種方式實現。以下是一些常見的方法：

1. 使用Ratchet

Ratchet是一個用PHP實現的WebSocket服務器框架，可以輕松地與Nginx集成。

安裝Ratchet

首先，通過Composer安裝Ratchet：

composer require cboden/ratchet

創建WebSocket服務器

創建一個PHP文件（例如websocket_server.php）：

<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use Ratchet\Server\IoServer;
use Ratchet\Http\HttpServer;
use Ratchet\WebSocket\WsServer;
use MyApp\Chat;

$server = IoServer::factory(
    new HttpServer(
        new WsServer(
            new Chat()
        )
    ),
    8080
);

$server->run();

創建Chat類

創建一個MyApp/Chat.php文件：

<?php
namespace MyApp;

use Ratchet\MessageComponentInterface;
use Ratchet\ConnectionInterface;

class Chat implements MessageComponentInterface {
    protected $clients;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->clients = new \SplObjectStorage;
    }

    public function onOpen(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->attach($conn);
        echo "New connection! ({$conn->resourceId})\n";
    }

    public function onMessage(ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
        foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
            if ($from !== $client) {
                $client->send($msg);
            }
        }
    }

    public function onClose(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->detach($conn);
        echo "Connection {$conn->resourceId} has disconnected\n";
    }

    public function onError(ConnectionInterface $conn, \Exception $e) {
        echo "An error has occurred: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
        $conn->close();
    }
}

配置Nginx

編輯Nginx配置文件（例如/etc/nginx/sites-available/default）：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;

    location / {
        root /path/to/your/app;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; # 根據你的PHP版本調整
    }

    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }

    location /websocket {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
    }
}

啟動WebSocket服務器

在終端中運行：

php websocket_server.php

2. 使用Swoole

Swoole是一個高性能的PHP擴展，支持WebSocket。

安裝Swoole

首先，安裝Swoole擴展：

pecl install swoole

然后，在php.ini中啟用Swoole：

extension=swoole.so

創建WebSocket服務器

創建一個PHP文件（例如websocket_server.php）：

<?php
use Swoole\Server;

$server = new Server('0.0.0.0', 9501);

$server->on('open', function ($server, $request) {
    echo "server: handshake success with fd{$request->fd}\n";
});

$server->on('message', function ($server, $frame) {
    echo "receive from {$frame->fd}:{$frame->data},opcode:{$frame->opcode},fin:{$frame->finish}\n";
    $server->push($frame->fd, "this is server");
});

$server->on('close', function ($ser, $fd) {
    echo "client {$fd} closed\n";
});

$server->start();

配置Nginx

編輯Nginx配置文件（例如/etc/nginx/sites-available/default）：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;

    location / {
        root /path/to/your/app;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; # 根據你的PHP版本調整
    }

    location /websocket {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:9501;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
    }
}

啟動WebSocket服務器

在終端中運行：

php websocket_server.php

總結

以上兩種方法都可以在LNMP環境下為PHP應用添加WebSocket支持。Ratchet和Swoole都是高性能的解決方案，具體選擇哪種可以根據你的項目需求和個人偏好來決定。