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本篇內容介紹了“如何處理SpringBoot統一返回格式”的有關知識,在實際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細閱讀,能夠學有所成!
相信大部分后端開發人員在日常開發中都需要和前端對接,當然前后端都是你自己一個人搞的話可以想怎么玩就怎么玩,但是我們還是要做到一定的規范性。在前后端分離的項目中后端返回的格式一定要友好,并且固定,不能經常變來變去,不然會對前端的開發人員帶來很多的工作量。
@PostMapping("/test") public String test(){ return "Hello World"; }
postman調用結果:
@PostMapping("/getUser") public ActionResult getUser(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); user.setName("MrDong"); user.setAge(20); return ActionResult.defaultOk(user); }
postman調用結果:
@PostMapping("/error") public ActionResult error(){ return ActionResult.defaultFail(1000,"服務器異常,請聯系管理員"); }
postman調用結果:
我定義兩個ActionResult這個對象來對返回值進行封裝,可以根據自己公司實際情況修改:
package com.wxd.entity; import com.wxd.enums.ResultCodeEnum; import lombok.Data; /** * @ClassName ActionResult * @Description 統一返回值封裝 * @Author Mr Dong * @Date 2022/7/26 14:51 */ @Data public class ActionResult { private Integer code; private String msg; private Integer count; private Object data; public static ActionResult defaultOk(Integer code, String msg, Integer count, Object data) { return new ActionResult(code, msg, count, data); } public static ActionResult defaultOk(Integer count, Object data) { return new ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum.RC200, count, data); } public static ActionResult defaultOk(Object data) { return new ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum.RC200, null, data); } public static ActionResult defaultOk() { return new ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum.RC200); } public static ActionResult defaultFail() { return new ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum.RC999); } public static ActionResult defaultFail(Integer code, String msg) { return new ActionResult(code, msg); } public static ActionResult defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum) { return new ActionResult(resultCodeEnum); } public ActionResult(Integer code, String msg, Integer count, Object data) { this.code = code; this.msg = msg; this.count = count; this.data = data; } public ActionResult(Integer code, String msg) { this.code = code; this.msg = msg; } public ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum) { this.code = resultCodeEnum.getCode(); this.msg = resultCodeEnum.getMessage(); } public ActionResult(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum, Integer count, Object data) { this.code = resultCodeEnum.getCode(); this.msg = resultCodeEnum.getMessage(); this.count = count; this.data = data; } }
package com.wxd.enums; /** * @author wxd * @version V1.0 * @description ResultCodeEnum * @date 2022/8/10 13:35 **/ public enum ResultCodeEnum { /** * 操作成功 */ RC200(200, "操作成功"), /** * 未授權 */ RC401(401, "用戶未授權"), /** * 請求被禁止 */ RC403(403, "請求被禁止"), /** * 服務異常 */ RC500(500, "服務器異常,請聯系管理員"), /** * 操作失敗 */ RC999(999, "操作失敗"), RC1001(1001, "用戶名密碼錯誤"), RC1002(1002, "未授權的資源"), RC1003(1003, "未授權的資源"), RC1004(1004, "缺少請求參數異常"), RC1005(1005, "缺少請求體參數異常"), RC1006(1006, "參數綁定異常"), RC1007(1007, "方法參數無效異常"); private Integer code; private String message; ResultCodeEnum(Integer code, String message) { this.code = code; this.message = message; } public Integer getCode() { return code; } public String getMessage() { return message; } }
實現原理:需要實現SpringBoot提供的ResponseBodyAdvice這個接口,完成統一返回值的封裝及異常的處理。實現了這個接口之后,在Controller返回的時候只需要將對象直接返回,有些不需要返回值的可以直接返回void。
package com.wxd.advice; import com.wxd.entity.ActionResult; import com.wxd.enums.ResultCodeEnum; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException; import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse; import org.springframework.validation.BindException; import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException; import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ResponseBodyAdvice; /** * @version: V1.0 * @author: wxd * @description: 全局異常處理以及返回值的統一封裝 * @Date 2022/7/26 16:24 */ @RestControllerAdvice(value = "com.wxd.controller") @Slf4j public class ResponseAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice { @Override public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class aClass) { return true; } /** * 統一包裝 * * @param o * @param methodParameter * @param mediaType * @param aClass * @param serverHttpRequest * @param serverHttpResponse * @return */ @Override public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object o, MethodParameter methodParameter, MediaType mediaType, Class aClass, ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest, ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse) { /** * String、ActionResult不需要再包一層(不想包一層ActionResult對象的可以在這里把這個對象過濾掉) */ if (o instanceof String || o instanceof ActionResult) { return o; } return ActionResult.defaultOk(o); } /** * 系統內部異常捕獲 * * @param e * @return */ @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR) @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class) public Object exceptionHandler(Exception e) { log.error("系統內部異常,異常信息", e); return ActionResult.defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum.RC500); } /** * 忽略參數異常處理器;觸發例子:帶有@RequestParam注解的參數未給參數 * * @param e 忽略參數異常 * @return ResponseResult */ @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(MissingServletRequestParameterException.class) public Object parameterMissingExceptionHandler(MissingServletRequestParameterException e) { log.error("缺少Servlet請求參數異常", e); return ActionResult.defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum.RC1004); } /** * 缺少請求體異常處理器;觸發例子:不給請求體參數 * * @param e 缺少請求體異常 * @return ResponseResult */ @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(HttpMessageNotReadableException.class) public Object parameterBodyMissingExceptionHandler(HttpMessageNotReadableException e) { log.error("參數請求體異常", e); return ActionResult.defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum.RC1005); } /** * 統一處理請求參數綁定錯誤(實體對象傳參); * * @param e BindException * @return ResponseResult */ @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class) public Object validExceptionHandler(BindException e) { log.error("方法參數綁定錯誤(實體對象傳參)", e); return ActionResult.defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum.RC1006); } /** * 統一處理請求參數綁定錯誤(實體對象請求體傳參); * * @param e 參數驗證異常 * @return ResponseResult */ @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentNotValidException.class}) public Object parameterExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) { log.error("方法參數無效異常(實體對象請求體傳參)", e); return ActionResult.defaultFail(ResultCodeEnum.RC1007); } }
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