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這篇“Java發送form-data請求怎么實現文件上傳”文章的知識點大部分人都不太理解，所以小編給大家總結了以下內容，內容詳細，步驟清晰，具有一定的借鑒價值，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章能有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看這篇“Java發送form-data請求怎么實現文件上傳”文章吧。
封裝了以下工具類：
package com.leeyaonan.clinkz.common.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
/**
* HttpUtils
*
* @author Rot
* @date 2021/10/15 17:45
*/
@Slf4j
public class HttpUtils {
/**
* 從連接池中獲取連接的超時時間--10s
*/
private static int connectionRequestTimeout = 10000;
/**
* 客戶端和服務器建立連接的超時時間--握手連接時間--10s
*/
private static int connectTimeout = 60000;
/**
* 從對方服務接受響應流的時間
*/
private static int socketTimeout = 60000;
/**
* 連接池最大連接數
*/
private static int maxTotal = 800;
/**
* 每個主機的并發
*/
private static int maxPerRoute = 20;
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = null;
private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
public static CloseableHttpClient getClient() {
return httpClient;
}
static {
log.info("初始化http connection 連接池 ...");
try {
// 配置同時支持 HTTP 和 HTPPS
SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build());
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()).register("https", sslConnectionSocketFactory).build();
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("初始化http 連接池異常", e);
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
}
//連接池統一配置
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute);
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build();
//不做重試功能
HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(0, false);
httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setRetryHandler(retryHandler).build();
ScheduledExecutorService scheduledExecutorService = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
scheduledExecutorService.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> {
connectionManager.closeExpiredConnections();
connectionManager.closeIdleConnections(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
log.info("回收過期的http連接完成 status：{}", connectionManager.getTotalStats());
}, 30, 120, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(() -> {
log.info("關閉 httpClient 連接");
try {
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("關閉 httpClient 異常", e);
}
}));
}
/**
* post請求提交form-data上傳文件
*
* @param url
* @param headers 請求頭
* @return
*/
public static String doPostUploadFile(String url, Map<String, String> headers, File file) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
packageHeader(headers, httpPost);
String fileName = file.getName();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String respContent = null;
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 設置請求頭 boundary邊界不可重復，重復會導致提交失敗
String boundary = "-------------------------" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
// 創建MultipartEntityBuilder
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
// 設置字符編碼
builder.setCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
// 模擬瀏覽器
builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
// 設置邊界
builder.setBoundary(boundary);
// 設置multipart/form-data流文件
builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));
// application/octet-stream代表不知道是什么格式的文件
builder.addBinaryBody("media", file, ContentType.create("application/octet-stream"), fileName);
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
try {
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response != null && response.getStatusLine() != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() < 400) {
HttpEntity he = response.getEntity();
if (he != null) {
respContent = EntityUtils.toString(he, "UTF-8");
}
} else {
log.error("對方響應的狀態碼不在符合的范圍內!");
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return respContent;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("網絡訪問異常,請求url地址={},響應體={},error={}", url, response, e);
throw new RuntimeException();
} finally {
log.info("統一外網請求參數打印,post請求url地址={},響應={},耗時={}毫秒", url, respContent, (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime));
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("請求鏈接釋放異常", e);
}
}
}
/**
* 封裝請求頭
*
* @param paramsHeads
* @param httpMethod
*/
private static void packageHeader(Map<String, String> paramsHeads, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(paramsHeads)) {
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = paramsHeads.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
httpMethod.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
}
}maven依賴：
<!--http--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId> <version>4.4.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> <version>4.5.12</version> </dependency>
核心部分：
// 設置請求頭 boundary邊界不可重復，重復會導致提交失敗
String boundary = "-------------------------" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
// 創建MultipartEntityBuilder
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
// 設置字符編碼
builder.setCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
// 模擬瀏覽器
builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
// 設置邊界
builder.setBoundary(boundary);
// 設置multipart/form-data流文件
builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));
// application/octet-stream代表不知道是什么格式的文件
builder.addBinaryBody("media", file, ContentType.create("application/octet-stream"), fileName);
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(entity);注意：這里的builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));，multipartFile對應form表單的字段名稱，如果接口更改了字段名稱，這里也需要更改
比如我有一個接口是這樣定義的：
@PostMapping("/xxx")
public void test(@RequestParam(value = "abc") MultipartFile file) {
...
}那么使用上述工具請求該接口的時候，就需要將
builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));改為
builder.addPart("abc", new FileBody(file));以上就是關于“Java發送form-data請求怎么實現文件上傳”這篇文章的內容，相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望小編分享的內容對大家有幫助，若想了解更多相關的知識內容，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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