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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關如何使用Python實現字典合并的內容。小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
把a字典合并到b字典中,相當于用for循環遍歷a字典,然后取出a字典的鍵值對,放進b字典,這種方法python中進行了簡化,封裝成b.update(a)實現
>>> a = {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b = {'name': 'r1'} >>> for k, v in a.items(): ... b[k] = v ... >>> a {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b {'name': 'r1', 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'}
使用**a的方法,可以快速的打開字典a的數據,可以使用這個方法來構造一個新的字典
>>> a = {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b = {'name': 'r1'} >>> c = dict(b, **a) >>> c {'name': 'r1', 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> a {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b {'name': 'r1'}
>>> a = {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b = {'name': 'r1'} >>> b.update(a) >>> a {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b {'name': 'r1', 'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'}
利用a.items()的方法把字典拆分成鍵值對元組,然后強制轉換成列表,合并list(a.items())和list(b.items()),并使用dict把合并后的列表轉換成一個新字典
>>> a = {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco'} >>> b = {'name': 'r1'} >>> a.items() dict_items([('device_type', 'cisco_ios'), ('username', 'admin'), ('password', 'cisco')]) >>> b.items() dict_items([('name', 'r1')]) >>> list(a.items()) [('device_type', 'cisco_ios'), ('username', 'admin'), ('password', 'cisco')] >>> list(b.items()) [('name', 'r1')]
>>> dict(list(a.items()) + list(b.items())) {'device_type': 'cisco_ios', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'cisco', 'name': 'r1'}
#! /usr/bin/env python3 # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_ import json def creat_net_device_info(net_name, device, hostname, user, passwd): dict_device_info = { 'device_type': device, 'ip': hostname, 'username': user, 'password': passwd } dict_connection = {'connect': dict_device_info} dict_net_name = {'name': net_name} data = dict(dict_net_name, **dict_connection) data = json.dumps(data) return print(f'生成的json列表如下:\n{data}') if __name__ == '__main__': net_name = input('輸入網絡設備名稱R1或者SW1的形式:') device = input('輸入設備類型cisco_ios/huawei: ') hostname = input('輸入管理IP地址: ') user = input('輸入設備登錄用戶名: ') passwd = input('輸入設備密碼: ') json_founc = creat_net_device_info json_founc(net_name, device, hostname, user, passwd)
[ { "name": "R1", "connect":{ "device_type": "cisco_ios", "ip": "192.168.47.10", "username": "admin", "password": "cisco" } }, { "name": "R2", "connect":{ "device_type": "cisco_ios", "ip": "192.168.47.20", "username": "admin", "password": "cisco" } }, { "name": "R3", "connect":{ "device_type": "cisco_ios", "ip": "192.168.47.30", "username": "admin", "password": "cisco" } }, { "name": "R4", "connect":{ "device_type": "cisco_ios", "ip": "192.168.47.40", "username": "admin", "password": "cisco" } }, { "name": "R5", "connect":{ "device_type": "cisco_ios", "ip": "192.168.47.50", "username": "admin", "password": "cisco" } } ]
#! /usr/bin/env python3 # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_ import os import sys import json from datetime import datetime from netmiko import ConnectHandler from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor as Pool def write_config_file(filename, config_list): with open(filename, 'w+') as f: for config in config_list: f.write(config) def auto_config(net_dev_info, config_file): ssh_client = ConnectHandler(**net_dev_info['connect']) #把json格式的字典傳入 hostname = net_dev_info['name'] hostips = net_dev_info['connect'] hostip = hostips['ip'] print('login ' + hostname + ' success !') output = ssh_client.send_config_from_file(config_file) file_name = f'{hostname} + {hostip}.txt' print(output) write_config_file(file_name, output) def main(net_info_file_path, net_eveng_config_path): this_time = datetime.now() this_time = this_time.strftime('%F %H-%M-%S') foldername = this_time old_folder_name = os.path.exists(foldername) if old_folder_name == True: print('文件夾名字沖突,程序終止\n') sys.exit() else: os.mkdir(foldername) print(f'正在創建目錄 {foldername}') os.chdir(foldername) print(f'進入目錄 {foldername}') net_configs = [] with open(net_info_file_path, 'r') as f: devices = json.load(f) #載入一個json格式的列表,json.load必須傳入一個別表 with open(net_eveng_config_path, 'r') as config_path_list: for config_path in config_path_list: config_path = config_path.strip() net_configs.append(config_path) with Pool(max_workers=6) as t: for device, net_config in zip(devices, net_configs): task = t.submit(auto_config, device, net_config) print(task.result()) if __name__ == '__main__': #net_info_file_path = '~/net_dev_info.json' #net_eveng_config_path = '~/eve_config_path.txt' net_info_file_path = input('請輸入設備json_inventory文件路徑: ') net_eveng_config_path = input('請輸入記錄設備config路徑的配置文件路徑: ') main(net_info_file_path, net_eveng_config_path)
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