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本文小編為大家詳細介紹“如何查看Docker容器的信息”，內容詳細，步驟清晰，細節處理妥當，希望這篇“如何查看Docker容器的信息”文章能幫助大家解決疑惑，下面跟著小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來學習新知識吧。
在docker環境下執行如下命令，即可創建一個名為tomcat001的tomcat容器：
docker run --name tomcat001 -idt tomcat
執行docker ps檢查一下，容器創建成功：
root@maven:~# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 98d119ed4c73 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 10 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 8080/tcp tomcat001
獲取信息常用的方式有如下三種：
進入容器內部獲取信息；
執行docker exec命令；
執行docker inspect -f命令（推薦方式）；
執行以下命令可進入容器內部：
docker exec -it tomcat001 /bin/bash
此時已進入容器內部，所以分別執行hostname、ip addr、env這三個命令可以獲取相關信息，如下：
root@98d119ed4c73:/usr/local/tomcat# hostname 98d119ed4c73 root@98d119ed4c73:/usr/local/tomcat# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 17: eth0@if18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:05 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.0.5/16 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:5/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@98d119ed4c73:/usr/local/tomcat# env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat LANG=C.UTF-8 HOSTNAME=98d119ed4c73 OPENSSL_VERSION=1.1.0f-3+deb9u1 TOMCAT_VERSION=8.5.24 GPG_KEYS=05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23 JAVA_HOME=/docker-java-home/jre TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib JAVA_VERSION=8u151 PWD=/usr/local/tomcat HOME=/root CA_CERTIFICATES_JAVA_VERSION=20170531+nmu1 TOMCAT_MAJOR=8 JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION=8u151-b12-1~deb9u1 TOMCAT_SHA1=9e26ba61c5665aafc849073edeb769be555283cd TERM=xterm SHLVL=1 TOMCAT_ASC_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz _=/usr/bin/env
不用進入容器，直接在docker環境執行docker exec 容器名 容器內命令的方式也可以獲取相關信息，舉例如下：
獲取容器的hostname：docker exec tomcat001 hostname
獲取容器ip地址：docker exec tomcat001 ip addr
獲取容器環境變量：docker exec tomcat001 env
執行結果如下所示:
root@maven:~# docker exec tomcat001 hostname 98d119ed4c73 root@maven:~# docker exec tomcat001 ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 17: eth0@if18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:05 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet 172.17.0.5/16 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:5/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@maven:~# docker exec tomcat001 env PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin HOSTNAME=98d119ed4c73 LANG=C.UTF-8 JAVA_HOME=/docker-java-home/jre JAVA_VERSION=8u151 JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION=8u151-b12-1~deb9u1 CA_CERTIFICATES_JAVA_VERSION=20170531+nmu1 CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib OPENSSL_VERSION=1.1.0f-3+deb9u1 GPG_KEYS=05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23 TOMCAT_MAJOR=8 TOMCAT_VERSION=8.5.24 TOMCAT_SHA1=9e26ba61c5665aafc849073edeb769be555283cd TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz TOMCAT_ASC_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc HOME=/root
推薦使用docker inspect來獲取信息，這個命令會返回一個json字符串，里面以key-value的格式準備了該容器相關的信息，內容十分豐富，可以一次性取得全部內容，也可以返回指定key對應的信息；
我們先來看看所有內容，執行命令docker inspect tomcat001，可以看到如下信息：
root@maven:~# docker inspect tomcat001
[
{
"Id": "98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17",
"Created": "2018-05-06T07:39:45.464492435Z",
"Path": "catalina.sh",
"Args": [
"run"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 22468,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2018-05-06T07:39:46.143092505Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:3dcfe809147daf54fbdbe1f6886b4c49df63f28e2b3c8ac119fef6a7f7490d3c",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17/98d119ed4c73c750e53353e77f7c6942803809a9d5dedc28d8b0f41ce58b8b17-json.log",
"Name": "/tomcat001",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "aufs",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": [
"cffec99f38514024f6a6e31e0e160d37d295041e4813a2245466be2dbc9c4037"
],
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DiskQuota": 0,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": -1,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": 0,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Name": "aufs",
"Data": null
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "98d119ed4c73",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"8080/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"LANG=C.UTF-8",
"JAVA_HOME=/docker-java-home/jre",
"JAVA_VERSION=8u151",
"JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION=8u151-b12-1~deb9u1",
"CA_CERTIFICATES_JAVA_VERSION=20170531+nmu1",
"CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat",
"TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
"LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
"OPENSSL_VERSION=1.1.0f-3+deb9u1",
"GPG_KEYS=05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23",
"TOMCAT_MAJOR=8",
"TOMCAT_VERSION=8.5.24",
"TOMCAT_SHA1=9e26ba61c5665aafc849073edeb769be555283cd",
"TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz \thttps://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz \thttps://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz \thttps://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz",
"TOMCAT_ASC_URLS=https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc \thttps://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc \thttps://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc \thttps://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.24/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.24.tar.gz.asc"
],
"Cmd": [
"catalina.sh",
"run"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "tomcat",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "/usr/local/tomcat",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "50244517221e6faff4217ff5453919f0c297b10434812ecfbf3decb3ce9860f6",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"8080/tcp": null
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/50244517221e",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "e9336feece03b1c87e6724253575ee50963e9bdc1f9618609fe641a8a939b87a",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "87eb4d08d408c08489db4460915aabed59210d04f8193364420d3719cd308d83",
"EndpointID": "e9336feece03b1c87e6724253575ee50963e9bdc1f9618609fe641a8a939b87a",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05"
}
}
}
}
]可見內容十分豐富；
如果我們只對其中的一些感興趣，例如hostname、ip地址、環境變量，該如何查看呢？
hostname：在返回值中，hostname的位置如下圖紅框所示，
由上圖可見，hostname位于Config.Hostname這個節點位置，所以執行命令docker inspect -f {{.Config.Hostname}} tomcat001即可獲取到hostname，如下所示：
root@maven:~# docker inspect -f {{.Config.Hostname}} tomcat001
98d119ed4c73ip地址：執行命令docker inspect -f {{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}} tomcat001即可獲取到ip地址：
root@maven:~# docker inspect -f {{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}} tomcat001
172.17.0.5環境變量：從完整的inspect信息中可以看到環境變量Config.Env的內容是個json數組，所以除了用docker inspect -f {{.Config.Env}} tomcat001獲取所有環境變量信息，還可以用docker inspect -f ‘{{index .Config.Env 1}}’ tomcat001命令獲取數組中的某一條記錄，如下：
root@maven:~# docker inspect -f '{{index .Config.Env 1}}' tomcat001
LANG=C.UTF-8
root@maven:~# docker inspect -f '{{index .Config.Env 2}}' tomcat001
JAVA_HOME=/docker-java-home/jre讀到這里，這篇“如何查看Docker容器的信息”文章已經介紹完畢，想要掌握這篇文章的知識點還需要大家自己動手實踐使用過才能領會，如果想了解更多相關內容的文章，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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