如何用python實現簡單的學生成績管理系統

這篇文章主要介紹了如何用python實現簡單的學生成績管理系統的相關知識，內容詳細易懂，操作簡單快捷，具有一定借鑒價值，相信大家閱讀完這篇如何用python實現簡單的學生成績管理系統文章都會有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看吧。

需求：

代碼：

import os
filename = 'student.txt'

def main():
    while True:
        menu()
        choice = int(input("請選擇："))
        if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
            if choice==0:
                answer = input("你確定要退出嗎？y/n")
                if answer =='y' or answer =='Y':
                    print("謝謝使用！")
                    break
                else:
                    continue
            elif choice ==1:
                insert()
            elif choice ==2:
                search()
            elif choice ==3:
                delete()
            elif choice ==4:
                modify()
            elif choice ==5:
                sort()
            elif choice ==6:
                total()
            else:
                show()
# 菜單
def menu():
    print("====================學生成績管理系統=========================")
    print("======================功能菜單==============================")
    print("\t\t1、錄入學生信息")
    print("\t\t2、查找學生信息")
    print("\t\t3、刪除學生信息")
    print("\t\t4、修改學生信息")
    print("\t\t5、排序")
    print("\t\t6、統計學生人數")
    print("\t\t7、顯示所有學生信息")
    print("\t\t0、退出系統")
    print("--------------------------------------------------------------")
# 插入
def insert():
    student_list=[]
    while True:
        id = input('請輸入ID(如1001):')
        if not id:
            break
        name = input('請輸入姓名：')
        if not name:
            break

        try:
            english=int(input("input english grade："))
            python=int(input("input python grade："))
            java=int(input("input java grade："))
        except:
            print("輸入成績無效！重新輸入！")
            continue

        student = {'id':id,'name':name,'english':english,'python':python,'java':java}
        student_list.append(student)
        answer = input("是否繼續添加信息！？：'y/n'")
        if answer == 'y':
            continue
        else:
            break

    # 調用save函數將其保存在文本當中
    save(student_list)
    print("學生信息錄入成功！")
# 保存
def save(lst):
    try:
        stu_txt = open(filename,'a',encoding='utf-8')
    except:
        stu_txt = open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')
    
    for item in lst:
        stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
    stu_txt.close()
# 搜索
def search():
    while True:
        student_name = input("請輸入你要查找的學生姓名：")
        if student_name:
            if os.path.exists(filename):
                with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
                    student_old = rfile.readlines()
            else:
                student_old = []

            if student_old:
                d = {}
                flag = False
                for item in student_old:
                    d = dict(eval(item))
                    if d['name'] == student_name:
                        flag = True
                        student_show(d)
                    else:
                        pass
                    
            else:
                print("無學生信息，請添加！")
            if flag:
                print("查詢成功")
            else:
                print("查詢失敗")
        else:
            print("沒有輸入學生姓名！")
        
        answer = input("請問是否繼續查詢：y/n")
        if answer == "y":
            continue
        else:
            break
# 展示個人信息
def student_show(dic):
    format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
    print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英語成績','python成績','java成績','總成績'))

    format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
    print(format_data.format(dic.get('id'),
                            dic.get('name'),
                            dic.get('english'),
                            dic.get('python'),
                            dic.get('java'),
                            int(dic.get('english'))+int(dic.get('python'))+int(dic.get('java')),
                            ))
# 刪除
def delete():
    while True:
        student_id = input("請輸入要刪除的學生ID：")
        if student_id:
            if os.path.exists(filename):
                with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    student_old = file.readlines()
            else:
                student_old=[]
            flag = False
            if student_old:
                with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
                    d={}
                    for item in student_old:
                        d = dict(eval(item))
                        if d['id']!=student_id:
                            wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
                        else:
                            flag = True
                    if flag:
                        print(f"{student_id}已經被刪除！")
                    else:
                        print(f"{student_id}沒有找到!")
            else:
                print("無學生信息！")
                break

            show()
            answer = input("是否繼續刪除？y/n")
            if answer == 'y':
                continue
            else:
                break
        else:
            print("請輸入要刪除的ID：")
            continue
# 修改      
def modify():
    while True:
        student_id = input("請輸入要修改的學生ID：")
        if student_id:
            if os.path.exists(filename):
                with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    student_old = file.readlines()
            else:
                student_old=[]
            if student_old:
                with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
                    d = {}
                    for item in student_old:
                        d = dict(eval(item))
                        if d['id'] == student_id:
                            answer = input('已經找到該學生信息，是否修改：y/n？')
                            flag = False
                            if answer:
                                d['name']=input("姓名：")
                                d['english']=int(input("english："))
                                d['python']=int(input("python："))
                                d['java']=int(input("java："))
                                wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
                                flag = True
                            else:
                                wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
                                break
                        else:
                            wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
                    if flag:
                        print("修改成功！")
                    else:
                        print("修改失敗！")
            else:
                print("無學生信息，請添加")
            answer = input("請問是否繼續修改？y/n")
            if answer == "y":
                continue
            else:
                break
        else:
            print("輸入錯誤！")
# 排序           
def sort():
    while True:
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
                student_old = file.readlines()
            student_new = []
            d={}
            for item in student_old:
                d=dict(eval(item))
                student_new.append(d)
            asc_and_desc = int(input("怎么排序:0 升序  1 降序："))
            choice = int(input("按照什么排序:1 english  2 python  3 java  0 總成績："))
            if choice == 1:
                student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english']),reverse=asc_and_desc)
            elif choice == 2:
                student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['python']),reverse=asc_and_desc)
            elif choice == 3:  
                student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['java']),reverse=asc_and_desc)
            elif choice == 0:
                student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english'])+int(x['python'])+int(x['java']),reverse=asc_and_desc)
            else:
                print("輸入有誤")
                sort()
        else:
            print("無學生信息")
        format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
        print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英語成績','python成績','java成績','總成績'))

        format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
        for dic in student_new:
            print(format_data.format(dic.get('id'),
                                    dic.get('name'),
                                    dic.get('english'),
                                    dic.get('python'),
                                    dic.get('java'),
                                    int(dic.get('english'))+int(dic.get('python'))+int(dic.get('java')),
                                    ))
        answer = input("請問是否繼續排序？y/n")
        if answer == "y":
            continue
        else:
            break
# 總人數
def total():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
            student_old = file.readlines()
        print('一共有',len(student_old),'名學生！')
    else:
        print("無人員資料")
    import msvcrt
    msvcrt.getch()
# 展示
def show():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
            student_old = file.readlines()
        d = {}
        students = []
        for item in student_old:
            d = dict(eval(item))
            students.append(d)
    else:
        print("沒有信息！")
    if len(students):
        format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
        print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英語成績','python成績','java成績','總成績'))

        format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
        for dic in students:
            print(format_data.format(dic.get('id'),
                                    dic.get('name'),
                                    dic.get('english'),
                                    dic.get('python'),
                                    dic.get('java'),
                                    int(dic.get('english'))+int(dic.get('python'))+int(dic.get('java')),
                                    ))
    else:
        print("無人員信息！")
    import msvcrt
    msvcrt.getch()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

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