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這篇文章主要介紹了Linux下如何搭建LAMP，具有一定借鑒價值，感興趣的朋友可以參考下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后大有收獲，下面讓小編帶著大家一起了解一下。
LAMP（Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP）網站架構是目前國際流行的Web框架，該框架包括：Linux操作系統，Apache網絡服務器，MySQL數據庫，Perl、PHP或者Python編程語言，所有組成產品均是開源軟件，是國際上成熟的架構框架，很多流行的商業應用都是采取這個架構
系統環境：centos 6.8 x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# uname -aLinux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 10 17:27:01 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseCentOS release 6.8 (Final) [root@localhost ~]#
LAMP相關包是否安裝： 默認httpd已經安裝，在這里我們說明下：本次實驗我們采用的是yum的方式來進行安裝，httpd就是Apache軟件在RPM中的軟件包名
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa httpdhttpd-2.2.15-53.el6.centos.x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa mysql*[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa php*[root@localhost ~]#
LAMP的安裝其實非常簡單，一條命令搞定。個人認為對于初學著沒有必要搞那么多這個插件，那個插件；到了深入了解了LAMP后在根據自己實際的需求來進行模塊的安裝，由易道難，循序漸進的學習。
yum倉庫的檢查
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist \\查看yum倉庫的情況Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cn99.com * extras: mirrors.cn99.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.7 kB 00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,696 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 62 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 482 repolist: 7,240
我們使用的是centos默認的網絡yum倉庫，當然如果默認yum倉庫比較慢的話，可以使用epel的軟件包。
yum安裝LAMP
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd mysql mysql-server mysql-devel php*Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cn99.com * extras: mirrors.cn99.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-53.el6.centos will be updated ---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-54.el6.centos will be an update --> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.2.15-54.el6.centos for package: httpd-2.2.15-54.el6.centos.x86_64 ---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-7.el6 will be installed .......................... Installed: mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-7.el6 mysql-devel.x86_64 0:5.1.73-7.el6 mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-7.el6 php.x86_64 0:5.3.3-48.el6_8 php-bcmath.x86_64 0:5.3.3-48.el6_8 php-cli.x86_64 0:5.3.3-48.el6_8 ......... Updated: httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-54.el6.centos Dependency Updated: httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.2.15-54.el6.centos net-snmp-libs.x86_64 1:5.5-57.el6_8.1 openssl.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 Complete!
我們yum命令安裝httpd ，安裝mysql mysql-server 和mysql-devel開發包，在php的安裝包上面我們選擇了php* 的命令匹配搜有php相關的包。注意，注意的操作是為了讓入門童鞋們先了解LAMP的方案，在深入了解后，還是要跟進實際的情況安裝搜需要的包。
安裝完成LAMP后，我們需要對LAMP進行初始化，其實也就是啟動服務，開機自起和必要的配置。
Apache的初始化
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd start \\啟動httpd服務;注意httpd和apache的關系Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName [ OK ] [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd on \\設置httpd開啟自器
mysql的初始化
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start \\開啟mysql服務，會提示需要初始化，很詳細Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installationwhich will also give you the option of removing the testdatabases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with:cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.plcd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script! [ OK ] Starting mysqld: [ OK ] [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on \\設置mysql開機自啟動[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u root password linuxprobe.com \\初始化mysql，在這里需要設置mysql的root的密碼；命令：mysqladmin -u 用戶 password 密碼 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p \\登錄mysql查看是否能夠登錄 Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> \\ok登錄成功
注意：在yum安裝lamp的時候，其實php只是apache的一個集成的組件，不需要添加模塊的應用，只要在配置文件中啟用就可以了。
查看經常mysql和httpd是否運行：
[root@localhost ~]# ps -aux |grep httpd \\查看httpd的進程Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ root 2930 0.0 2.9 487660 14664 ? Ss 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2933 0.0 1.9 487660 9400 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2934 0.0 1.8 487660 9112 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2935 0.0 1.9 487660 9400 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2936 0.0 1.9 487660 9392 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2937 0.0 1.8 487660 9116 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2938 0.0 1.8 487660 9136 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2939 0.0 1.8 487660 9112 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 2940 0.0 2.3 487844 11840 ? S 10:46 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd root 10163 0.0 0.1 103316 868 pts/3 S+ 12:23 0:00 grep httpd [root@localhost ~]# ps -aux |grep mysql \\查看mysql的相關進程Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ root 3035 0.0 0.2 108216 1452 pts/1 S 10:47 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql mysql 3137 0.0 4.3 367512 21444 pts/1 Sl 10:47 0:02 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock root 10165 0.0 0.1 103316 868 pts/3 S+ 12:23 0:00 grep mysql [root@localhost ~]# netstat -tanulp |grep 80 \\查看httpd 的端口對外監聽tcp 0 0 192.168.1.108:50878 63.80.4.177:80 ESTABLISHED 2629/clock-applet tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2930/httpd [root@localhost ~]# netstat -tanulp |grep 3306 \\查看mysql的端口對外監聽tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3137/mysqld
防火墻的相關設置
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -L \\查看iptables的規則Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT icmp -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:ssh REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination [root@localhost ~]# iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT \\添加iptables INPUT的鏈的第一條規則允許tcp協議的80端口 \\關于iptables 的更多設置，請參考《linux就該這樣學》相關內容 [root@localhost ~]# service iptables save \\將我們的添加的規則保存在配置文件iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ] [root@localhost ~]# iptables -L \\查看保存情況Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT icmp -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:ssh REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination
測試httpd的靜態文件
添加一個測試的靜態index.html頁面，或者使用默認的頁面進行測試。關于添加網站頁面的更多問題，請參考《linux就該這樣學》的相關內容
[root@localhost ~]# echo "hello word" > /var/www/html/index.html
測試用ie瀏覽器測試靜態頁面：
ok，測試成功。
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/httpd/ \\配置文件目錄，相關配置模塊conf/ conf.d/ logs/ modules/ run/ [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf magic [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf \\主配文件[root@localhost ~]# wc -l /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 1009 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf \\ 主配文件共有1009行，其中有好多都是注釋的.養成好習慣，備份默認配置文件[root@localhost ~]# tail /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf \\更多配置建議參考《linux就該這樣學》相關內容# The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known# server name.## \\配置文件中添加虛擬主機的語句# ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com# DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com# ServerName dummy-host.example.com# ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log# CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common#
高級環境的測試
LAMP是一個穩定的動態的網站架構方案，在這里我們需要添加php的支持，測試動態網站。
啟用對php的支持
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf |grep DirectoryIndex \\在配置文件402行添加對php頁面的支持# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
添加php測試頁面，測試
[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/www/html/index.php [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.php \\添加php信息的測試頁面[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/www/html/test.php[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/html/test.php \\添加php頁面測試testthis php test
測試： 
?
注意： 動態網頁搭建動族論壇 過程略，大家自己測試 Apache：httpd（服務名） 80 （端口） Mysql： mysqld（服務名） 3306（端口，默認只對本地監聽） php：在apache 中集成，只需添加啟用php默認文檔即可 lamp的日志等功能，建議查看相關文檔 建議安裝lamp為了讓入門童鞋更加容易了解lamp，生產環境要根據實際情況安裝不通的組件。
LAMP，so easy！！！
感謝你能夠認真閱讀完這篇文章，希望小編分享的“Linux下如何搭建LAMP”這篇文章對大家有幫助，同時也希望大家多多支持億速云，關注億速云行業資訊頻道，更多相關知識等著你來學習!
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