解決Linux 下oracle12報錯 Connected

綠底為輸入，白底為輸出，黃底為輸出中的錯誤提示。

問題描述：

[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Tue Sep 17 23:40:50 CST 2019 on pts/0

[oracle@oracle ~]$sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Sep 2 01:09:18 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.? All rights reserved.

SQL> conn sys /as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to an idle instance.

解決辦法：

?1、進入到sqlplus啟動實例

[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle????????????????--1.確認切換到oracle用戶
Last login: Tue Sep 17 23:40:50 CST 2019 on pts/0

[oracle@oracle ~]$ lsnrctl start?????????????????????--2.打開監聽

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 02-SEP-2019 01:19:38

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.? All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias???????????????????? LISTENER
Version?????????????????? TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date??????????????? 02-SEP-2019 01:19:40
Uptime??????????????????? 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level?????????????? off
Security????????????????? ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
Listener Parameter File?? /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File???????? /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
? (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle)(PORT=1521)))
? (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus /nolog????????????????????--登錄sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Sep 2 01:23:29 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.? All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initoradb.ora'

原來打不開initoradb.ora，于是進入/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/目錄

[root@oracle ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/

[root@oracle dbs]# ls
hc_orcl.dat? init.ora? lkORCL? orapworcl? spfileorcl.ora

原來是沒有initoradb.ora文件。

解決此問題的方法就是到/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/目錄下，將init.ora.818201912514復制到dbs目錄下：

[root@oracle app]# cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/
[root@oracle pfile]# ls
init.ora.818201912514
[root@oracle pfile]# cp init.ora.818201912514 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initoradb.ora

cp的目標文件用oracle用戶打開可能為空，用chmod命令授權：chmod -R 777 /目標文件

[root@oracle dbs]# chmod -R 777 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initoradb.ora

然后再次用sqlplus連接數據庫，

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup????????????????????--啟動oracle數據庫
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3741319168 bytes
Fixed Size????? 8627344 bytes
Variable Size??? 872418160 bytes
Database Buffers? 2852126720 bytes
Redo Buffers????? 8146944 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

數據庫啟動后，連接數據庫
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.?