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這篇文章將為大家詳細講解有關Java中Mybatis框架多表操作與注解開發的示例分析,小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲。
一對一查詢的模型
用戶表和訂單表的關系為,一個用戶有多個訂單,一個訂單只從屬于一個用戶。
一對一查詢的需求:查詢一個訂單,與此同時查詢出該訂單所屬的用戶
一對一查詢的語句
對應的sql語句: select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id;查詢的結果如下:
創建Order和User實體
創建OrderMapper接口
public interface OrderMapper { //查詢全部的方法 public List<Order> findAll(); }
配置OrderMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.longdi.mapper.OrderMapper"> <resultMap id="orderMap" type="order"> <!--手動指定字段與實體屬性的映射關系 column: 數據表的字段名稱 property:實體的屬性名稱 --> <id column="oid" property="id"></id> <result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result> <result column="total" property="total"></result> <!--<result column="uid" property="user.id"></result> <result column="username" property="user.username"></result> <result column="password" property="user.password"></result> <result column="birthday" property="user.birthday"></result>--> <!-- property: 當前實體(order)中的屬性名稱(private User user) javaType: 當前實體(order)中的屬性的類型(User) --> <association property="user" javaType="user"> <id column="uid" property="id"></id> <result column="username" property="username"></result> <result column="password" property="password"></result> <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result> </association> </resultMap> <select id="findAll" resultMap="orderMap"> SELECT *,o.id oid FROM orders o,USER u WHERE o.uid=u.id </select> </mapper>
配置UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.longdi.mapper.UserMapper"> <resultMap id="userMap" type="user"> <id column="uid" property="id"></id> <result column="username" property="username"></result> <result column="password" property="password"></result> <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result> <!--配置集合信息 property:集合名稱 ofType:當前集合中的數據類型 --> <collection property="orderList" ofType="order"> <!--封裝order的數據--> <id column="oid" property="id"></id> <result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result> <result column="total" property="total"></result> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap"> SELECT *,o.id oid FROM USER u,orders o WHERE u.id=o.uid </select> <!--#############################################################################--> <resultMap id="userRoleMap" type="user"> <!--user的信息--> <id column="userId" property="id"></id> <result column="username" property="username"></result> <result column="password" property="password"></result> <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result> <!--user內部的roleList信息--> <collection property="roleList" ofType="role"> <id column="roleId" property="id"></id> <result column="roleName" property="roleName"></result> <result column="roleDesc" property="roleDesc"></result> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findUserAndRoleAll" resultMap="userRoleMap"> SELECT * FROM USER u,sys_user_role ur,sys_role r WHERE u.id=ur.userId AND ur.roleId=r.id </select> </mapper>
配置sqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--通過properties標簽加載外部properties文件--> <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties> <!--自定義別名--> <typeAliases> <typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias> <typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.Order" alias="order"></typeAlias> <typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.Role" alias="role"></typeAlias> </typeAliases> <!--數據源環境--> <environments default="developement"> <environment id="developement"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!--加載映射文件--> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/longdi/mapper/UserMapper.xml"></mapper> <mapper resource="com/longdi/mapper/OrderMapper.xml"></mapper> </mappers> </configuration>
測試代碼
@Test public void test1() throws IOException { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml"); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); List<Order> orderList = mapper.findAll(); for (Order order : orderList) { System.out.println(order); } sqlSession.close(); }
一對多查詢
一對多查詢模型
用戶表和訂單表的關系為,一個用戶有多個訂單,一個訂單只從屬于一個用戶一對多查詢的需求:查詢一個用戶,與此同時查詢出該用戶具有的訂單
對應的sql語句: select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid;查詢的結果如下:
SELECT *,o.id oid FROM USER u, orders o WHERE u.id=o.uid
修改User實體
創建UserMapper接口
配置UserMapper.xml
測試結果
多對多查詢的模型
用戶表和角色表的關系為,一個用戶有多個角色,一個角色被多個用戶使用多對多查詢的需求:查詢用戶同時查詢出該用戶的所有角色
多對多查詢的語句
對應的sql語句: select u.*,r.*,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_idinner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id;
查詢的結果如下:
創建Role實體,修改User實體
添加UserMapper接口方法
配置UserMapper.xml(上面)
測試代碼
總結:
MyBatis多表配置方式:
一對一配置:使用<resultMap>做配置
一對多配置:使用<resultMap>+<collection>做配置
多對多配置:使用<resultMap>+<collection>做配置
Mybatis的常用注解
這幾年來注解開發越來越流行,Mybatis也可以使用注解開發方式,這樣我們就可以減少編寫Mapper映射文件了。我們先圍繞一些基本的CRUD來學習,再學習復雜映射多表操作。
@Insert:實現新增
@Update:實現更新@Delete:實現刪除@Select:實現查詢
@Result:實現結果集封裝
@Results:可以與@Result一起使用,封裝多個結果集@One:實現一對一結果集封裝
@Many:實現一對多結果集封裝
private UserMapper mapper; @Before public void before() throws IOException { InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml"); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true); mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); }
@Test public void testSave(){ User user = new User(); user.setUsername("tom"); user.setPassword("abc"); mapper.save(user); } @Test public void testUpdate(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(18); user.setUsername("lucy"); user.setPassword("123"); mapper.update(user); } @Test public void testDelete(){ mapper.delete(18); } @Test public void testFindById(){ User user = mapper.findById(2); System.out.println(user); } @Test public void testFindAll(){ List<User> all = mapper.findAll(); for (User user : all) { System.out.println(user); } }
修改MyBatis的核心配置文件,我們使用了注解替代的映射文件,所以我們只需要加載使用了注解的Mapper接口即可
<!--加載映射關系--> <mappers> <!--掃描使用注解的類--> <package name="com.longdi.mapper.UserMapper"></package> </mappers>
或者指定掃描包含映射關系的接口所在的包也可以
<!--加載映射關系--> <mappers> <!--指定接口所在的包--> <package name="com.longdi.mapper"></package> </mappers>
UserMapper:
public interface UserMapper { @Insert("insert into user values(#{id},#{username},#{password},#{birthday})") public void save(User user); @Update("update user set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id}") public void update(User user); @Delete("delete from user where id=#{id}") public void delete(int id); @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}") public User findById(int id); @Select("select * from user") public List<User> findAll(); @Select("select * from user") @Results({ @Result(id=true ,column = "id",property = "id"), @Result(column = "username",property = "username"), @Result(column = "password",property = "password"), @Result( property = "orderList", column = "id", javaType = List.class, many = @Many(select = "com.longdi.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid") ) }) public List<User> findUserAndOrderAll(); @Select("SELECT * FROM USER") @Results({ @Result(id = true,column = "id",property = "id"), @Result(column = "username",property = "username"), @Result(column = "password",property = "password"), @Result( property = "roleList", column = "id", javaType = List.class, many = @Many(select = "com.longdi.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid") ) }) public List<User> findUserAndRoleAll(); }
實現復雜關系映射之前我們可以在映射文件中通過配置<resultMap>來實現,使用注解開發后,我們可以使用@Results注解,@Result注解,@One注解,@Many注解組合完成復雜關系的配置
一對一查詢(使用注解配置Mapper)
測試代碼:
一對多查詢(使用注解配置Mapper)
測試代碼;
多對多查詢(使用注解配置mapper)
測試代碼:
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