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這期內容當中小編將會給大家帶來有關Spring中SmartLifecycle的用法是怎樣的,文章內容豐富且以專業的角度為大家分析和敘述,閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲!
Spring SmartLifecycle 在容器所有bean加載和初始化完畢執行
在使用Spring開發時,我們都知道,所有bean都交給Spring容器來統一管理,其中包括每一個bean的加載和初始化。
有時候我們需要在Spring加載和初始化所有bean后,接著執行一些任務或者啟動需要的異步服務,這樣我們可以使用 SmartLifecycle 來做到。
當Spring容器加載所有bean并完成初始化之后,會接著回調實現該接口的類中對應的方法(start()方法)。
import org.springframework.context.SmartLifecycle; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * SmartLifecycle測試 * * * */ @Component public class TestSmartLifecycle implements SmartLifecycle { private boolean isRunning = false; /** * 1. 我們主要在該方法中啟動任務或者其他異步服務,比如開啟MQ接收消息<br/> * 2. 當上下文被刷新(所有對象已被實例化和初始化之后)時,將調用該方法,默認生命周期處理器將檢查每個SmartLifecycle對象的isAutoStartup()方法返回的布爾值。 * 如果為“true”,則該方法會被調用,而不是等待顯式調用自己的start()方法。 */ @Override public void start() { System.out.println("start"); // 執行完其他業務后,可以修改 isRunning = true isRunning = true; } /** * 如果工程中有多個實現接口SmartLifecycle的類,則這些類的start的執行順序按getPhase方法返回值從小到大執行。<br/> * 例如:1比2先執行,-1比0先執行。 stop方法的執行順序則相反,getPhase返回值較大類的stop方法先被調用,小的后被調用。 */ @Override public int getPhase() { // 默認為0 return 0; } /** * 根據該方法的返回值決定是否執行start方法。<br/> * 返回true時start方法會被自動執行,返回false則不會。 */ @Override public boolean isAutoStartup() { // 默認為false return true; } /** * 1. 只有該方法返回false時,start方法才會被執行。<br/> * 2. 只有該方法返回true時,stop(Runnable callback)或stop()方法才會被執行。 */ @Override public boolean isRunning() { // 默認返回false return isRunning; } /** * SmartLifecycle子類的才有的方法,當isRunning方法返回true時,該方法才會被調用。 */ @Override public void stop(Runnable callback) { System.out.println("stop(Runnable)"); // 如果你讓isRunning返回true,需要執行stop這個方法,那么就不要忘記調用callback.run()。 // 否則在你程序退出時,Spring的DefaultLifecycleProcessor會認為你這個TestSmartLifecycle沒有stop完成,程序會一直卡著結束不了,等待一定時間(默認超時時間30秒)后才會自動結束。 // PS:如果你想修改這個默認超時時間,可以按下面思路做,當然下面代碼是springmvc配置文件形式的參考,在SpringBoot中自然不是配置xml來完成,這里只是提供一種思路。 // <bean id="lifecycleProcessor" class="org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor"> // <!-- timeout value in milliseconds --> // <property name="timeoutPerShutdownPhase" value="10000"/> // </bean> callback.run(); isRunning = false; } /** * 接口Lifecycle的子類的方法,只有非SmartLifecycle的子類才會執行該方法。<br/> * 1. 該方法只對直接實現接口Lifecycle的類才起作用,對實現SmartLifecycle接口的類無效。<br/> * 2. 方法stop()和方法stop(Runnable callback)的區別只在于,后者是SmartLifecycle子類的專屬。 */ @Override public void stop() { System.out.println("stop"); isRunning = false; } }
org.springframework.context.SmartLifecycle解讀
/** * An extension of the {@link Lifecycle} interface for those objects that require to * be started upon ApplicationContext refresh and/or shutdown in a particular order. * The {@link #isAutoStartup()} return value indicates whether this object should * be started at the time of a context refresh. The callback-accepting * {@link #stop(Runnable)} method is useful for objects that have an asynchronous * shutdown process. Any implementation of this interface <i>must</i> invoke the * callback's run() method upon shutdown completion to avoid unnecessary delays * in the overall ApplicationContext shutdown. * * <p>This interface extends {@link Phased}, and the {@link #getPhase()} method's * return value indicates the phase within which this Lifecycle component should * be started and stopped. The startup process begins with the <i>lowest</i> * phase value and ends with the <i>highest</i> phase value (Integer.MIN_VALUE * is the lowest possible, and Integer.MAX_VALUE is the highest possible). The * shutdown process will apply the reverse order. Any components with the * same value will be arbitrarily ordered within the same phase. * * <p>Example: if component B depends on component A having already started, then * component A should have a lower phase value than component B. During the * shutdown process, component B would be stopped before component A. * * <p>Any explicit "depends-on" relationship will take precedence over * the phase order such that the dependent bean always starts after its * dependency and always stops before its dependency. * * <p>Any Lifecycle components within the context that do not also implement * SmartLifecycle will be treated as if they have a phase value of 0. That * way a SmartLifecycle implementation may start before those Lifecycle * components if it has a negative phase value, or it may start after * those components if it has a positive phase value. * * <p>Note that, due to the auto-startup support in SmartLifecycle, * a SmartLifecycle bean instance will get initialized on startup of the * application context in any case. As a consequence, the bean definition * lazy-init flag has very limited actual effect on SmartLifecycle beans. * * @author Mark Fisher * @since 3.0 * @see LifecycleProcessor * @see ConfigurableApplicationContext */ public interface SmartLifecycle extends Lifecycle, Phased { /** * Returns {@code true} if this {@code Lifecycle} component should get * started automatically by the container at the time that the containing * {@link ApplicationContext} gets refreshed. * <p>A value of {@code false} indicates that the component is intended to * be started through an explicit {@link #start()} call instead, analogous * to a plain {@link Lifecycle} implementation. * @see #start() * @see #getPhase() * @see LifecycleProcessor#onRefresh() * @see ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh() */ boolean isAutoStartup(); /** * Indicates that a Lifecycle component must stop if it is currently running. * <p>The provided callback is used by the {@link LifecycleProcessor} to support * an ordered, and potentially concurrent, shutdown of all components having a * common shutdown order value. The callback <b>must</b> be executed after * the {@code SmartLifecycle} component does indeed stop. * <p>The {@link LifecycleProcessor} will call <i>only</i> this variant of the * {@code stop} method; i.e. {@link Lifecycle#stop()} will not be called for * {@code SmartLifecycle} implementations unless explicitly delegated to within * the implementation of this method. * @see #stop() * @see #getPhase() */ void stop(Runnable callback); }
從注釋文檔里可以看出:
1、是接口 Lifecycle 的拓展,且會在應用上下文類ApplicationContext 執行 refresh and/or shutdown 時會調用
2、方法 isAutoStartup() 返回的值會決定,當前實體對象是否會被調用,當應用上下文類ApplicationContext 執行 refresh
3、stop(Runnable) 方法用于調用Lifecycle的stop方法
4、getPhase() 返回值用于設置LifeCycle的執行優先度:值越小優先度越高
5、isRunning() 決定了start()方法的是否調用
public class SmartLifecycleImpl implements SmartLifecycle { private Boolean isRunning = false; @Override public boolean isAutoStartup() { return true; } @Override public void stop(Runnable callback) { callback.run(); } @Override public void start() { System.out.println("SmartLifecycleImpl is starting ...."); isRunning = true; } @Override public void stop() { System.out.println("SmartLifecycleImpl is stopped."); } /** * 執行start()方法前會用它來判斷是否執行,返回為true時,start()方法不執行 */ @Override public boolean isRunning() { return isRunning; } @Override public int getPhase() { return 0; } }
啟動類
public class ProviderBootstrap { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ProviderConfiguration.class); context.start(); System.in.read(); } @Configuration static class ProviderConfiguration { @Bean public SmartLifecycleImpl getSmartLifecycleImpl(){ return new SmartLifecycleImpl(); } } }
可以發現,類SmartLifecycleImpl提交給spring容器后,啟動后,會輸出 start() 方法的方法體。
上述就是小編為大家分享的Spring中SmartLifecycle的用法是怎樣的了,如果剛好有類似的疑惑,不妨參照上述分析進行理解。如果想知道更多相關知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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