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本篇內容介紹了“Elasticsearch中查詢的多種方式”的有關知識，在實際案例的操作過程中，不少人都會遇到這樣的困境，接下來就讓小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧！希望大家仔細閱讀，能夠學有所成！
query DSL:Domain Specified Language，特定領域的語言
語法
GET /{index}/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}}
}示例
輸入：
GET /staffs/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}}
}輸出
{
"took" : 1, 消耗的時間
"timed_out" : false, 是否超時
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1, 一共請求了幾個shared
"successful" : 1, 成功了幾個
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 4, 查詢的結果的總數量
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs", 索引的名稱
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1a", 數據對應的主鍵
"_score" : 1.0,就是document對于一個search的相關度的匹配分數，越相關，就越匹配，分數也高
"_source" : { 數據的詳情
"name" : "shu xian sheng",
"age" : 28,
"phone" : "15711111111",
"posittion" : "java kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"lanqiu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "wang xiao san",
"age" : 21,
"phone" : "15722222222",
"posittion" : "web kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"yumaoqiu",
"zuqiu",
"taiqiu"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "lixiansheng",
"age" : 25,
"phone" : "15733333333",
"posittion" : "android",
"hobby" : [
"paobu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "maxiaoshuan",
"age" : 23,
"phone" : "15744444444",
"posittion" : "ios",
"hobby" : [
"paobu",
"yumaoqiu",
"lanqiu"
]
}
}
]
}
}語法
GET {index}/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"FIELD": "TEXT" FIELD:字段的名稱 TEXT：條件
}
},
"sort": [
{
"FIELD": { FIELD： 字段的名稱
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "xiao"
}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"name" : "ma xiao shuai",
"age" : 23,
"phone" : "15744444444",
"posittion" : "ios",
"hobby" : [
"paobu",
"yumaoqiu",
"lanqiu"
]
},
"sort" : [
23
]
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"name" : "wang xiao san",
"age" : 21,
"phone" : "15722222222",
"posittion" : "web kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"yumaoqiu",
"zuqiu",
"taiqiu"
]
},
"sort" : [
21
]
}
]
}
}語法
GET {index}/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"from": 1, 從第幾頁開始查詢，0：代表第一頁，1：代表第二頁
"size": 1 每頁顯示的條數
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"from": 1,
"size": 1
}{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 4,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "wang xiao san",
"age" : 21,
"phone" : "15722222222",
"posittion" : "web kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"yumaoqiu",
"zuqiu",
"taiqiu"
]
}
}
]
}
}語法
GET {index}}/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"match": {
"FIELD": "TEXT"
}}
]
}
},
"post_filter": {
"range": {
"FIELD": {
"gte": 10
}
}
}
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": { 可以拼接多個條件的查詢
"must": [
{"match": {
"name": "xian sheng"
}}
]
}
},
"post_filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gt": 25
}
}
}
}其實有兩條 但是有一個年齡為25 所以這里只顯示一條
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.3862944,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1a",
"_score" : 1.3862944,
"_source" : {
"name" : "shu xian sheng",
"age" : 28,
"phone" : "15711111111",
"posittion" : "java kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"lanqiu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
}
}
]
}
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {"match": {
"posittion": "java kaifa"
}}
}{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.6694658,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1a",
"_score" : 1.6694658,
"_source" : {
"name" : "shu xian sheng",
"age" : 28,
"phone" : "15711111111",
"posittion" : "java kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"lanqiu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S",
"_score" : 0.60996956,
"_source" : {
"name" : "wang xiao san",
"age" : 21,
"phone" : "15722222222",
"posittion" : "web kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"yumaoqiu",
"zuqiu",
"taiqiu"
]
}
}
]
}
}和全文檢索相反，全文檢索會將輸入的搜索串拆解開來，去倒排索引里面意義匹配，只要能匹配上任意一個拆解后的單詞，就可以作為結果返回
短語搜索，要求輸入的搜索串，必須在制定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一樣的，擦可以算匹配，才能作為結果返回
語法
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"FIELD": "PHRASE"
}
}
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"posittion": "java kaifa"
}
}
}{
"took" : 30,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.6694657,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1a",
"_score" : 1.6694657,
"_source" : {
"name" : "shu xian sheng",
"age" : 28,
"phone" : "15711111111",
"posittion" : "java kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"lanqiu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
}
}
]
}
}語法
GET {index}/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"FIELD": "TEXT"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"FIELD": {}
}
}
}示例
GET staffs/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"posittion": "kaifa"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"posittion": {}
}
}
}{
"took" : 54,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.60996956,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1a",
"_score" : 0.60996956,
"_source" : {
"name" : "shu xian sheng",
"age" : 28,
"phone" : "15711111111",
"posittion" : "java kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"lanqiu",
"zuqiu",
"tubu"
]
},
"highlight" : {
"posittion" : [
"java <em>kaifa</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "staffs",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S",
"_score" : 0.60996956,
"_source" : {
"name" : "wang xiao san",
"age" : 21,
"phone" : "15722222222",
"posittion" : "web kaifa",
"hobby" : [
"yumaoqiu",
"zuqiu",
"taiqiu"
]
},
"highlight" : {
"posittion" : [
"web <em>kaifa</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}其實保存數據的時候，其查詢索引就已經創建了，使用的倒排索引
例如：posittion字段，先被拆解，然后創建倒排索引
拆解是根據選擇的分詞器構成的
| 拆解的單詞 | 對應的數據主鍵 |
|---|---|
| java | 1a |
| kaifa | 1a,Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S |
| web | 1a,Nq_96G0Bs8sg-pU7kn0S |
| ios | 3 |
| android | 4 |
GET _cat/indices?v
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .kibana_task_manager_1 Qyl1MousQLq5FyMOCBO4nw 1 0 2 0 30.5kb 30.5kb green open .apm-agent-configuration qPsz40bsQxW_Zcd_4pkJJg 1 0 0 0 283b 283b green open .kibana_1 yYdsQgxWQ0utXN-Ulhm5ew 1 0 9 0 35.4kb 35.4kb yellow open staffs uoo38LYwRB2PzxupYjJ66Q 1 1 4 0 17.9kb 17.9kb
“Elasticsearch中查詢的多種方式”的內容就介紹到這里了，感謝大家的閱讀。如果想了解更多行業相關的知識可以關注億速云網站，小編將為大家輸出更多高質量的實用文章！
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