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這篇文章主要講解了“k8s集群如何安裝redis及監控”,文中的講解內容簡單清晰,易于學習與理解,下面請大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入,一起來研究和學習“k8s集群如何安裝redis及監控”吧!
k8s集群
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get nodes -o wide NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME pi4-master01 Ready master 4d18h v1.15.10 192.168.5.18 <none> Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1011-raspi docker://18.9.9 pi4-node01 Ready node 4d17h v1.15.10 192.168.5.19 <none> Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1011-raspi docker://18.9.9 pi4-node02 Ready node 4d17h v1.15.10 192.168.5.20 <none> Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1011-raspi docker://18.9.9
k8s集群已安裝helm
root@pi4-master01:~/k8s/cluster-monitoring-0.37.0# helm version Client: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.15.0", GitCommit:"c2440264ca6c078a06e088a838b0476d2fc14750", GitTreeState:"clean"} Server: &version.Version{SemVer:"v2.15.0+unreleased", GitCommit:"9668ad4d90c5e95bd520e58e7387607be6b63bb6", GitTreeState:"dirty"}
k8s集群已安裝存儲類,并設置為默認存儲
root@pi4-master01:~/k8s/cluster-monitoring-0.37.0# kubectl get storageclass NAME PROVISIONER AGE local-path (default) rancher.io/local-path 4d15h
對了,如果你還沒有樹莓派k8s集群,這里有一篇樹莓派 k8s 集群入坑指南可以參考,歡迎入坑。
這里我們選擇用helm安裝,helm有一個默認倉庫stable,指向https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com, 國內訪問比較困難,所以網上很多安裝helm的文檔都以https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts 來代替。但最近發現,這個倉庫也不再更新了,很多chart的最新版本都沒有,這里提供一個新地址http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts 。經簡單驗證,發現這個倉庫至少比阿里的那個倉庫新,建議切換。
root@pi4-master01:~# helm repo remove stable "stable" has been removed from your repositories root@pi4-master01:~# helm repo add stable http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/ "stable" has been added to your repositories root@pi4-master01:~# helm repo list NAME URL local http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts stable http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/ root@k8s-master:~# helm search redis NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION stable/prometheus-redis-exporter 3.5.0 1.3.4 Prometheus exporter for Redis metrics stable/redis 10.5.7 5.0.7 DEPRECATED Open source, advanced key-value store. It is o... stable/redis-ha 4.4.4 5.0.6 Highly available Kubernetes implementation of Redis stable/sensu 0.2.3 0.28 Sensu monitoring framework backed by the Redis transport
stable倉庫里有3個關于redis的chart,這里我們選擇第3個stable/redis-ha。該chart是采用Sentinel(哨兵)模式的高可用方案,在集群出現故障的時候自動進行故障轉移,保證集群的可用性。
使用helm安裝redis命令如下
helm install -n redis-ha \ stable/redis-ha \ --set image.repository=arm64v8/redis
通過上述命令,將以默認的配置在Kubernetes中部署Redis。默認情況下,chart會安裝部署3個Sentinel Pod,1個master Pod和2個slave Pod。
該chart中涉及的鏡像均是x86的,只要把相關的鏡像換成arm64v8架構的鏡像即可。另外,該chart默認開啟了持久化存儲,不指定storageclass的話,將使用k8s的默認存儲。因為我們的樹莓派k8s集群已經設置了local-path為默認storageclass,所以不需要關閉持久化存儲既可正常安裝。
查看創建的pod
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get pod | grep redis redis-ha-server-0 2/2 Running 0 5m31s redis-ha-server-1 2/2 Running 0 2m12s redis-ha-server-2 2/2 Running 0 93s
查看創建的svc
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get svc | grep redis redis-ha ClusterIP None <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP 6m redis-ha-announce-0 ClusterIP 10.106.118.26 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP 6m redis-ha-announce-1 ClusterIP 10.106.227.172 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP 6m redis-ha-announce-2 ClusterIP 10.98.139.156 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP 6m
查看創建的pv,pvc
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get pvc,pv | grep redis persistentvolumeclaim/data-redis-ha-server-0 Bound pvc-fac03faa-2e92-4255-8fea-ee141b429584 10Gi RWO local-path 6m34s persistentvolumeclaim/data-redis-ha-server-1 Bound pvc-31043858-82f0-4c15-bea4-5a8b050d15d2 10Gi RWO local-path 3m15s persistentvolumeclaim/data-redis-ha-server-2 Bound pvc-3a849e82-8d9c-438d-8019-c0b83791623b 10Gi RWO local-path 2m36s persistentvolume/pvc-31043858-82f0-4c15-bea4-5a8b050d15d2 10Gi RWO Delete Bound default/data-redis-ha-server-1 local-path 3m9s persistentvolume/pvc-3a849e82-8d9c-438d-8019-c0b83791623b 10Gi RWO Delete Bound default/data-redis-ha-server-2 local-path 2m31s persistentvolume/pvc-fac03faa-2e92-4255-8fea-ee141b429584 10Gi RWO Delete Bound default/data-redis-ha-server-0 local-path 6m31s
進入容器
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl exec -it redis-ha-server-0 sh Defaulting container name to redis. Use 'kubectl describe pod/redis-ha-server-0 -n default' to see all of the containers in this pod. /data $ redis-cli -v redis-cli 5.0.6 /data $ redis-server -v Redis server v=5.0.6 sha=00000000:0 malloc=jemalloc-5.1.0 bits=64 build=81d048c73d7c73a
連接redis服務
/data $ redis-cli 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * 1) "key" 127.0.0.1:6379> get key "hello" 127.0.0.1:6379> set hello redis OK 127.0.0.1:6379> get hello "redis" 127.0.0.1:6379>
基于helm在樹莓派k8s集群安裝redis還是很方便的,只需要使用arm64v8架構的鏡像即可。但是如果想更部署的mysql更具有個性,還是很有必要研究一下該chart的其它配置項,這些配置項我們可以通過helm inspect命令來查看
root@pi4-master01:~# helm inspect values stable/redis-ha ## Configure resource requests and limits ## ref: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/compute-resources/ ## image: repository: redis tag: 5.0.6-alpine pullPolicy: IfNotPresent ## Reference to one or more secrets to be used when pulling images ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/pull-image-private-registry/ ## This imagePullSecrets is only for redis images ## imagePullSecrets: [] # - name: "image-pull-secret" ## replicas number for each component replicas: 3 ## Kubernetes priorityClass name for the redis-ha-server pod # priorityClassName: "" ## Custom labels for the redis pod labels: {} ## Pods Service Account ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account/ serviceAccount: ## Specifies whether a ServiceAccount should be created ## create: true ## The name of the ServiceAccount to use. ## If not set and create is true, a name is generated using the redis-ha.fullname template # name: ## Enables a HA Proxy for better LoadBalancing / Sentinel Master support. Automatically proxies to Redis master. ## Recommend for externally exposed Redis clusters. ## ref: https://cbonte.github.io/haproxy-dconv/1.9/intro.html haproxy: enabled: false # Enable if you want a dedicated port in haproxy for redis-slaves readOnly: enabled: false port: 6380 replicas: 3 image: repository: haproxy tag: 2.0.4 pullPolicy: IfNotPresent ## Reference to one or more secrets to be used when pulling images ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/pull-image-private-registry/ ## imagePullSecrets: [] # - name: "image-pull-secret" annotations: {} resources: {} emptyDir: {} ## Enable sticky sessions to Redis nodes via HAProxy ## Very useful for long-living connections as in case of Sentry for example stickyBalancing: false ## Kubernetes priorityClass name for the haproxy pod # priorityClassName: "" ## Service type for HAProxy ## service: type: ClusterIP loadBalancerIP: annotations: {} serviceAccount: create: true ## Official HAProxy embedded prometheus metrics settings. ## Ref: https://github.com/haproxy/haproxy/tree/master/contrib/prometheus-exporter ## metrics: enabled: false # prometheus port & scrape path port: 9101 portName: exporter-port scrapePath: /metrics serviceMonitor: # When set true then use a ServiceMonitor to configure scraping enabled: false # Set the namespace the ServiceMonitor should be deployed # namespace: monitoring # Set how frequently Prometheus should scrape # interval: 30s # Set path to redis-exporter telemtery-path # telemetryPath: /metrics # Set labels for the ServiceMonitor, use this to define your scrape label for Prometheus Operator # labels: {} # Set timeout for scrape # timeout: 10s init: resources: {} timeout: connect: 4s server: 30s client: 30s check: 2s securityContext: runAsUser: 1000 fsGroup: 1000 runAsNonRoot: true ## Whether the haproxy pods should be forced to run on separate nodes. hardAntiAffinity: true ## Additional affinities to add to the haproxy pods. additionalAffinities: {} ## Override all other affinity settings for the haproxy pods with a string. affinity: | ## Custom config-haproxy.cfg files used to override default settings. If this file is ## specified then the config-haproxy.cfg above will be ignored. # customConfig: |- # Define configuration here ## Place any additional configuration section to add to the default config-haproxy.cfg # extraConfig: |- # Define configuration here ## Role Based Access ## Ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/authorization/rbac/ ## rbac: create: true sysctlImage: enabled: false command: [] registry: docker.io repository: busybox tag: 1.31.1 pullPolicy: Always mountHostSys: false resources: {} ## Use an alternate scheduler, e.g. "stork". ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers/ ## # schedulerName: ## Redis specific configuration options redis: port: 6379 masterGroupName: "mymaster" # must match ^[\\w-\\.]+$) and can be templated config: ## Additional redis conf options can be added below ## For all available options see http://download.redis.io/redis-stable/redis.conf min-replicas-to-write: 1 min-replicas-max-lag: 5 # Value in seconds maxmemory: "0" # Max memory to use for each redis instance. Default is unlimited. maxmemory-policy: "volatile-lru" # Max memory policy to use for each redis instance. Default is volatile-lru. # Determines if scheduled RDB backups are created. Default is false. # Please note that local (on-disk) RDBs will still be created when re-syncing with a new slave. The only way to prevent this is to enable diskless replication. save: "900 1" # When enabled, directly sends the RDB over the wire to slaves, without using the disk as intermediate storage. Default is false. repl-diskless-sync: "yes" rdbcompression: "yes" rdbchecksum: "yes" ## Custom redis.conf files used to override default settings. If this file is ## specified then the redis.config above will be ignored. # customConfig: |- # Define configuration here resources: {} # requests: # memory: 200Mi # cpu: 100m # limits: # memory: 700Mi ## Sentinel specific configuration options sentinel: port: 26379 quorum: 2 config: ## Additional sentinel conf options can be added below. Only options that ## are expressed in the format simialar to 'sentinel xxx mymaster xxx' will ## be properly templated expect maxclients option. ## For available options see http://download.redis.io/redis-stable/sentinel.conf down-after-milliseconds: 10000 ## Failover timeout value in milliseconds failover-timeout: 180000 parallel-syncs: 5 maxclients: 10000 ## Custom sentinel.conf files used to override default settings. If this file is ## specified then the sentinel.config above will be ignored. # customConfig: |- # Define configuration here resources: {} # requests: # memory: 200Mi # cpu: 100m # limits: # memory: 200Mi securityContext: runAsUser: 1000 fsGroup: 1000 runAsNonRoot: true ## Node labels, affinity, and tolerations for pod assignment ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#nodeselector ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#taints-and-tolerations-beta-feature ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#affinity-and-anti-affinity nodeSelector: {} ## Whether the Redis server pods should be forced to run on separate nodes. ## This is accomplished by setting their AntiAffinity with requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution as opposed to preferred. ## Ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#inter-pod-affinity-and-anti-affinity-beta-feature ## hardAntiAffinity: true ## Additional affinities to add to the Redis server pods. ## ## Example: ## nodeAffinity: ## preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: ## - weight: 50 ## preference: ## matchExpressions: ## - key: spot ## operator: NotIn ## values: ## - "true" ## ## Ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#affinity-and-anti-affinity ## additionalAffinities: {} ## Override all other affinity settings for the Redis server pods with a string. ## ## Example: ## affinity: | ## podAntiAffinity: ## requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: ## - labelSelector: ## matchLabels: ## app: {{ template "redis-ha.name" . }} ## release: {{ .Release.Name }} ## topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname ## preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: ## - weight: 100 ## podAffinityTerm: ## labelSelector: ## matchLabels: ## app: {{ template "redis-ha.name" . }} ## release: {{ .Release.Name }} ## topologyKey: failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone ## affinity: | # Prometheus exporter specific configuration options exporter: enabled: false image: oliver006/redis_exporter tag: v1.3.2 pullPolicy: IfNotPresent # prometheus port & scrape path port: 9121 scrapePath: /metrics # cpu/memory resource limits/requests resources: {} # Additional args for redis exporter extraArgs: {} # Used to mount a LUA-Script via config map and use it for metrics-collection # script: | # -- Example script copied from: https://github.com/oliver006/redis_exporter/blob/master/contrib/sample_collect_script.lua # -- Example collect script for -script option # -- This returns a Lua table with alternating keys and values. # -- Both keys and values must be strings, similar to a HGETALL result. # -- More info about Redis Lua scripting: https://redis.io/commands/eval # # local result = {} # # -- Add all keys and values from some hash in db 5 # redis.call("SELECT", 5) # local r = redis.call("HGETALL", "some-hash-with-stats") # if r ~= nil then # for _,v in ipairs(r) do # table.insert(result, v) -- alternating keys and values # end # end # # -- Set foo to 42 # table.insert(result, "foo") # table.insert(result, "42") -- note the string, use tostring() if needed # # return result serviceMonitor: # When set true then use a ServiceMonitor to configure scraping enabled: false # Set the namespace the ServiceMonitor should be deployed # namespace: monitoring # Set how frequently Prometheus should scrape # interval: 30s # Set path to redis-exporter telemtery-path # telemetryPath: /metrics # Set labels for the ServiceMonitor, use this to define your scrape label for Prometheus Operator # labels: {} # Set timeout for scrape # timeout: 10s podDisruptionBudget: {} # maxUnavailable: 1 # minAvailable: 1 ## Configures redis with AUTH (requirepass & masterauth conf params) auth: false # redisPassword: ## Use existing secret containing key `authKey` (ignores redisPassword) # existingSecret: ## Defines the key holding the redis password in existing secret. authKey: auth persistentVolume: enabled: true ## redis-ha data Persistent Volume Storage Class ## If defined, storageClassName: <storageClass> ## If set to "-", storageClassName: "", which disables dynamic provisioning ## If undefined (the default) or set to null, no storageClassName spec is ## set, choosing the default provisioner. (gp2 on AWS, standard on ## GKE, AWS & OpenStack) ## # storageClass: "-" accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce size: 10Gi annotations: {} # reclaimPolicy per https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/#reclaiming reclaimPolicy: "" init: resources: {} # To use a hostPath for data, set persistentVolume.enabled to false # and define hostPath.path. # Warning: this might overwrite existing folders on the host system! hostPath: ## path is evaluated as template so placeholders are replaced # path: "/data/{{ .Release.Name }}" # if chown is true, an init-container with root permissions is launched to # change the owner of the hostPath folder to the user defined in the # security context chown: true emptyDir: {}
顯然,配置項很豐富,從redis的配置文件、是否開啟監控都能支持。
開啟監控前,需要在集群部署prometheus,否則不會有效果。可以參考樹莓派k8s集群安裝監控prometheus進行部署。
開啟監控,需要設置exporter.enabled和exporter.serviceMonitor.enabled為true,且exporter.image需要設置為支持arm64v8架構的鏡像監控才能使用,這里選擇的鏡像是crisidev/redis-exporter:linux-arm64
使用helm安裝開啟監控的redis命令如下
helm install -n redis-ha \ stable/redis-ha \ --set image.repository=arm64v8/redis \ --set exporter.enabled=true \ --set exporter.image=crisidev/redis-exporter \ --set exporter.tag=linux-arm64 \ --set exporter.serviceMonitor.enabled=true
確認安裝狀態
root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get pod | grep redis redis-ha-server-0 3/3 Running 0 4m39s redis-ha-server-1 3/3 Running 0 4m4s redis-ha-server-2 3/3 Running 0 2m11s root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get svc|grep redis redis-ha ClusterIP None <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP,9121/TCP 6m19s redis-ha-announce-0 ClusterIP 10.109.95.179 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP,9121/TCP 6m19s redis-ha-announce-1 ClusterIP 10.108.235.236 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP,9121/TCP 6m18s redis-ha-announce-2 ClusterIP 10.97.37.205 <none> 6379/TCP,26379/TCP,9121/TCP 6m18s root@pi4-master01:~# kubectl get servicemonitor|grep redis redis-ha 5m41s
在prometheus查看exporter是否生效
生效后在grafana系統配置redis監控面板
redis監控面板 :https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11835
部署步驟如下:
點"Upload .json file"按鈕,選擇已經下載好的redis監控面板文件 ,進入面板設置界面如下
設置好相應參數后,點"Import"按鈕,繼續導入,引導入redis監控頁面如下
感謝各位的閱讀,以上就是“k8s集群如何安裝redis及監控”的內容了,經過本文的學習后,相信大家對k8s集群如何安裝redis及監控這一問題有了更深刻的體會,具體使用情況還需要大家實踐驗證。這里是億速云,小編將為大家推送更多相關知識點的文章,歡迎關注!
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