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這篇“CentOS6.5環境安裝nginx服務器及負載均衡配置的方法”文章的知識點大部分人都不太理解，所以小編給大家總結了以下內容，內容詳細，步驟清晰，具有一定的借鑒價值，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章能有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看這篇“CentOS6.5環境安裝nginx服務器及負載均衡配置的方法”文章吧。
1、下載pcre， 是一個用c語言編寫的正則表達式函數庫
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/ [root@localhost download]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
2、下載zlib庫
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/ [root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8
4、下載ssl
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd .. [root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# cd openssl-1.0.1c [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz
5、下載nginx
[root@localhost download]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz [root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
6、安裝
[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/ [root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]# cd pcre-8.36 [root@localhost pcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install [root@localhost pcre-8.36] cd ../zlib-1.2.8 [root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make && make install [root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ../openssl-1.0.1c [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make && make install [root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# cd ../nginx-1.2.8 [root@localhost nginx-1.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install
7、啟動nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
8、測試
在確保可以連接到服務器的電腦上，瀏覽器輸入裝了nginx的機器的ip地址，會看到welcome to nginx!的提示說明安裝配配置成功了。
9、設置開機自動啟動（shell腳本處理）
[root@localhost logs]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
添加以下shell腳本。
#!/bin/bash
# nginx startup script for the nginx http server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
# it has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
retval=0
prog="nginx"
# source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# check that networking is up.
[ ${networking} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running...."
exit 1
fi
echo -n $"starting $prog: "
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
return $retval
}
# stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
echo -n $"stopping $prog: "
killproc $nginxd
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
echo -n $"reloading $prog: "
#kill -hup `cat ${nginx_pid}`
killproc $nginxd -hup
retval=$?
echo
}
# see how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
status)
status $prog
retval=$?
;;
*)
echo $"usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
exit 1
esac
exit $retval保存后，設置權限讓所有人可以操作。
[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status nginx (pid 2417 2416) is running... [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop stopping nginx: [ ok ] [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx start starting nginx: [ ok ] [root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status nginx (pid 2454 2452) is running... [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
添加：
/etc/init.d/nginx start
重啟電腦就會生效。
注意：腳本里面關于啟動目錄的，如果你的安裝地址不一樣，要進行修改。
負載均衡配置：
現有兩部服務器：
192.168.137.197 （按照以上操作安裝有nginx，作為轉發機，虛擬機）
192.168.137.33 （無安裝nginx，運行有測試用的web工程，虛擬機）
10.10.33.59 （無安裝nginx，運行有測試用的web工程，本地電腦地址）
，運行有測試用的web工程
127.0.0.1 web_app
[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
配置如下展示：
worker_processes 8;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 102400;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
log_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr';
upstream web_app {
server 192.168.137.197:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.137.33:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.33.59:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
####chinaapp.sinaapp.com
server {
listen 80;
server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
#發布目錄/data/www
root /data/www;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header host $host;
proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://web_app;
expires 3d;
}
}
}設置host：
[root@a conf]# vi /etc/hosts
添加hosts：
127.0.0.1 web_app
啟動nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
啟動三部服務器的web應用：
在192.168.137.197執行指令：
[root@a program]# curl "http://web_app/index.jsp"
測試結果如下：
常見問題及解決辦法：
1、安裝pcre時提示configure: error: you need a c++ compiler for c++ support.
原因是沒有安裝c++編譯器，采用下面的命令安裝：
[root@localhost pcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
2、啟動nginx失敗
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory
原因是64bit的系統，但是默認取了/usr/local/lib里面的包
檢查方法：
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcre libpcre.so.0 libpcre.so.0.0.1 [root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre
說明缺失的包在lib64
設置軟連接來解決：
[root@localhost local]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1 [root@localhost local]# cd nginx [root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
3、啟動報錯：
報錯：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: address already in use)
解決辦法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp
端口被占用，關閉占用端口
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