hadoop環境如何部署

這篇文章主要講解了“hadoop環境如何部署”，文中的講解內容簡單清晰，易于學習與理解，下面請大家跟著小編的思路慢慢深入，一起來研究和學習“hadoop環境如何部署”吧！

準備工作

以下步驟要在所有節點上執行
1.1修改hostname
vi /etc/sysconfig/network
1.2關閉SELinux
查看SELinux狀態getenforce
若SELinux沒有關閉，按照下述方式關閉
vi /etc/selinux/config
修改SELinux=disabled。重啟生效，可以等后面都設置完了重啟主機
1.3關閉防火墻
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig iptables --list
1.4網絡配置
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
1.5修改host
127.0.0.1          localhost#必須配置
# CDH Cluster
192.168.88.11   hadoop1
192.168.88.12   hadoop2
192.168.88.13   hadoop3
1.6配置hadoop1到hadoop2免密登錄
1.7所有節點配置NTP服務
集群中所有主機必須保持時間同步，如果時間相差較大會引起各種問題。 具體思路如下：
master節點作為ntp服務器與外界對時中心同步時間，隨后對所有datanode節點提供時間同步服務。所有datanode節點以master節點為基礎同步時間。
所有節點安裝相關組件： yum install ntp 。
完成后，配置開機啟動： chkconfig ntpd on ,
檢查是否設置成功： chkconfig --list ntpd 其中2-5為on狀態就代表成功。
主節點配置
在配置之前，先使用ntpdate手動同步一下時間，免得本機與對時中心時間差距太大，使得ntpd不能正常同步。這里選用65.55.56.206作為對時中心, ntpdate -u 202.112.10.36
 vi /etc/ntp.conf

# For more information about this file, see the man pages
# ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5).
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
# Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
# permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.
restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
# Permit all access over the loopback interface.  This could
# be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
# the administrative functions.
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict -6 ::1
# Hosts on local network are less restricted.
# 允許內網其他機器同步時間
restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
# 中國這邊最活躍的時間服務器 : http://www.pool.ntp.org/zone/cn
server 210.72.145.44 perfer   # 中國國家受時中心
server 202.112.10.36             # 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
server 59.124.196.83             # 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
#broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey        # broadcast server
#broadcastclient                        # broadcast client
#broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey            # multicast server
#multicastclient 224.0.1.1              # multicast client
#manycastserver 239.255.254.254         # manycast server
#manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client
# allow update time by the upper server
# 允許上層時間服務器主動修改本機時間
restrict 210.72.145.44 nomodify notrap noquery
restrict 202.112.10.36 nomodify notrap noquery
restrict 59.124.196.83 nomodify notrap noquery
# Undisciplined Local Clock. This is a fake driver intended for backup
# and when no outside source of synchronized time is available.
# 外部時間服務器不可用時，以本地時間作為時間服務
server  127.127.1.0     # local clock
fudge   127.127.1.0 stratum 10
# Enable public key cryptography.
#crypto
includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw
# Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
# with symmetric key cryptography.
keys /etc/ntp/keys
# Specify the key identifiers which are trusted.
#trustedkey 4 8 42
# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility.
#requestkey 8
# Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility.
#controlkey 8
# Enable writing of statistics records.
#statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats

service ntpd start
 ntpstat
這個一般需要5-10分鐘后才能成功連接和同步
[root@hadoop1 ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep ntp    
udp        0      0 192.168.88.11:123           0.0.0.0:*                               17339/ntpd   ############################       
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:123               0.0.0.0:*                               17339/ntpd          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123                 0.0.0.0:*                               17339/ntpd          
udp        0      0 fe80::20c:29ff:fe7c:123     :::*                                    17339/ntpd          
udp        0      0 ::1:123                     :::*                                    17339/ntpd          
udp        0      0 :::123                      :::*                                    17339/ntpd          
[root@hadoop1 ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
 202.118.1.130   .INIT.          16 u    -   64    0    0.000    0.000   0.000#################################
 # ntpstat

unsynchronised

  time server re-starting

   polling server every 64 s
 連接并同步后:
synchronised to NTP server (202.112.10.36) at stratum 3
time correct to within 275 ms
polling server every 256 s

# yum install ntp
# chkconfig ntp on
# vim /etc/ntp.conf
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict -6 ::1
# 配置時間服務器為本地的時間服務器
server 192.168.1.135
restrict 192.168.1.135 nomodify notrap noquery
server  127.127.1.0     # local clock
fudge   127.127.1.0 stratum 10
includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw
keys /etc/ntp/keys
[root@hadoop2 soft]# ntpdate -u hadoop1

2.cloudra安裝 所有節點
2.1下載cloudera-manager.repo  wget http://archive.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/6/x86_64/cm/cloudera-manager.repo
1將cloudera-manager.repo文件拷貝到所有節點的/etc/yum.repos.d/文件夾下
mv cloudera-manager.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
vi /etc/yum.conf
timeout=50000
yum list|grep cloudera
如果列出的不是你安裝的版本，執行下面命令重試
yum clean all
yum list | grep cloudera

2.2下載CDH將之前下載的Parcel那3個文件拷貝到/opt/cloudera/parcel-repo目錄下（如果沒有該目錄，請自行創建）
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cdh6/parcels/5.2.1/CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cdh6/parcels/5.2.1/CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel.sha1###.sha1文件后綴更改為.sha，同時把內容只保留hash碼部分
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cdh6/parcels/5.2.1/manifest.json

2.4在master[hadoop1] 節點安裝daemons、server、agent（先裝daemons）
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-daemons-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-server-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-agent-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el5.x86_64.rpm
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall cloudera-manager-daemons-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall cloudera-manager-server-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall cloudera-manager-agent-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el6.x86_64.rpm（注：agent安裝需要聯網）
2.5在slave-1[hadoop2]、slave-2[hadoop3]節點安裝daemons、agent（先裝daemons）
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-daemons-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-agent-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el5.x86_64.rpm
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall cloudera-manager-daemons-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall cloudera-manager-agent-5.2.1-1.cm521.p0.109.el6.x86_64.rpm（注：agent安裝需要聯網）
2.6在master、slave-1、slave-2 節點安裝JDK、oraclejdk
rpm -ivh jdk-6u31-linux-amd64.rpm

3.在master節點安裝mysql 數據庫，并配置cdh需要的數據庫選項
yum install mysql-server mysql mysql-devel
chkconfig mysqld on
service mysqld start
mysql –u root
use mysql
update user set password=password('1234') where user='root'
update user set password=password('1234') where host='localhost'
update user set password=password('1234') where host='hadoop1'
service mysqld restart
mysql -u root -p1234
create database cloudera
4.在master節點配置cloudera manager 數據庫并啟動cm的server及agent程序
 1.拷貝mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar 到 /usr/share/java 下并重命名mysql-connector-java.jar
 2.運行 /usr/share/cmf/schema/scm_prepare_database.sh -h hadoop1 mysql cloudera root 1234
 3.啟動cm server ：service cloudera-scm-server start
 4.添加cm server服務 ：chkconfig cloudera-scm-server on
 5.啟動cm agent ：chkconfig cloudera-scm-agent on
 6.添加cm agent服務 ：service cloudera-scm-server start

5、修改所有節點的agent 配置文件
/etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini 將配置文件中的host 改成 cdh-master

6、在slave節點配置cloudera manager  agent程序
1.啟動cm agent ：chkconfig cloudera-scm-agent on
2.添加cm agent服務 ：service cloudera-scm-agent start
7、測試agent和server是否通信成功
   service cloudera-scm-server status
   service cloudera-scm-agent status
   netstat –anp | grep 7182
  # server 端開啟的是7182端口，用于和agent進行通訊
   啟動失敗時可以查看日志
   server 日志 /var/log/cloudera-scm-server

   agent 日志 /var/log/cloudera-scm-agent
 8設置parcel[master]
 mv CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel /opt/cloudera/parcel-repo
 [root@hadoop1 parcel-repo]# tail -5 manifest.json
            "replaces": "IMPALA, SOLR, SPARK",
            "hash": "7dcb31e557a7da951bfb6337e02b0b884aa3d2a2\n"
        }
    ]
[root@hadoop1 parcel-repo]# tail -1 CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel.sha1
7dcb31e557a7da951bfb6337e02b0b884aa3d2a2\n
[root@hadoop1 parcel-repo]# mv CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel.sha1 CDH-5.2.1-1.cdh6.2.1.p0.12-el5.parcel.sha
9.[root@hadoop1 soft]# rpm -ivh oracle-j2sdk1.7-1.7.0+update67-1.x86_64.rpm 所有節點

CDH集群安裝
CM安裝成功后瀏覽器輸入http://ip:7180,ip是CM安裝的主機ip或者主機名。顯示如下界面，用戶名和密碼都輸入admin，進入web管理界面。
免費版-〉繼續->查找并選擇需要安裝 CDH 的機器，點擊“繼續” 192.168.88.[11-13]->
 

二、卸載步驟

記錄卸載過程和問題。現有環境Cloudera Manager + (1 + 2 )的CDH環境。
1、先在Manage管理端移除所有服務。
2、刪除Manager Server
在Manager節點運行
 /usr/share/cmf/uninstall-cloudera-manager.sh如果沒有該腳本，則可以手動刪除，先停止服務：
 service cloudera-scm-server stop
 service cloudera-scm-server-db stop然后刪除：
 yum remove cloudera-manager-serversudo
 yum remove cloudera-manager-server-db3 、刪除所有CDH節點上的CDH服務，先停止服務：
  service cloudera-scm-agent hard_stop卸載安裝的軟件：
 yum remove 'cloudera-manager-*' hadoop hue-common 'bigtop-*'4、刪除殘余數據：
  rm -Rf /usr/share/cmf /var/lib/cloudera* /var/cache/yum/cloudera*
  5、kill掉所有Manager和Hadoop進程（選作，如果你正確停止Cloud Manager和所有服務則無須此步）

$ for u in hdfs mapred cloudera-scm hbase hue zookeeper oozie hive impala flume; do sudo kill $(ps -u $u -o pid=); done6、刪除Manager的lock文件
在Manager節點運行：
rm /tmp/.scm_prepare_node.lock至此，刪除完成。
/var/log/cloudera-manager-installer/3.install-cloudera-manager-server.log
http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cm5/redhat/5/x86_64/cm/5.2.1/RPMS/x86_64/
獲取鎖 卸載裝
Couldn't resolve host 'archive.cloudera.com'" dns8.8.8.8
注意主機名要與host一致，若不一致就刪掉，重新搜索
正在搜索要重新卸載，再安裝
[root@h02 soft]# service cloudera-scm-agent status
cloudera-scm-agent dead but pid file exists
[root@client ~]# cd /var/run
[root@client ~]# rm –f cloudera-scm-agent.pid
在日志中發現這樣一條錯誤信息：
ERROR ENGINE Error in HTTP server: shutting down Traceback (most recent call last)

IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/lib/cloudera-scm-agent/uuid'
[root@h02 cloudera-scm-agent]# mkdir /var/lib/cloudera-scm-agent/
[root@h02 cloudera-scm-agent]# chmod 777 /var/lib/cloudera-scm-agent/

感謝各位的閱讀，以上就是“hadoop環境如何部署”的內容了，經過本文的學習后，相信大家對hadoop環境如何部署這一問題有了更深刻的體會，具體使用情況還需要大家實踐驗證。這里是億速云，小編將為大家推送更多相關知識點的文章，歡迎關注！