HAproxy+Keepalived負載均衡-高可用web站詳細流程介紹

下文給大家帶來HAproxy+Keepalived負載均衡-高可用web站詳細流程介紹，希望能夠給大家在實際運用中帶來一定的幫助，負載均衡涉及的東西比較多，理論也不多，網上有很多書籍，今天我們就用億速云在行業內累計的經驗來做一個解答。

haproxy+keepalived負載均衡高可用web站

1、安裝Apache服務192.168.26.212和192.168.26.218：（yum install httpd –y）略啟動

啟動Apache，分別在兩臺云服務器上創建WEB頁并確保網絡能正常訪問：

2、安裝HAproxy:192.168.26.210和192.168.26.211：

Yum install –y haproxy

編輯配置文件：vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Example configuration for a possible web application.  See the

# full configuration options online.

#

#   http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt

#

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Global settings

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

global

    # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will

    # need to:

    #

    # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done

    #    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in

    #    /etc/sysconfig/syslog

    #

    # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log

    #   file. A line like the following can be added to

    #   /etc/sysconfig/syslog

    #

    #    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log

    #

    log         127.0.0.1 local2

    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy

    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid

    maxconn     4000

    user        haproxy

    group       haproxy

    daemon

    # turn on stats unix socket

    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will

# use if not designated in their block

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

defaults

    mode                    http

    log                     global

    option                  httplog

    option                  dontlognull

    option http-server-close

    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8

    option                  redispatch

    retries                 3

    timeout http-request    10s

    timeout queue           1m

    timeout connect         10s

    timeout client          1m

    timeout server          1m

    timeout http-keep-alive 10s

    timeout check           10s

    maxconn                 3000

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# main frontend which proxys to the backends

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

#frontend  main *:5000

#    acl url_static       path_beg       -i /static /p_w_picpaths /javascript /stylesheets

#    acl url_static       path_end       -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js

#

#    use_backend static          if url_static

#    default_backend             app

#

##---------------------------------------------------------------------

## static backend for serving up p_w_picpaths, stylesheets and such

##---------------------------------------------------------------------

#backend static

#    balance     roundrobin

#    server      static 127.0.0.1:4331 check

frontend websrv *:80

   default_backend webservers

backend webservers

     balance  roundrobin

     server node3 192.168.26.212:80 check

     server node4 192.168.26.218:80 check

listen statick

     bind *:1024

     stats enable

     stats uri /haadmin?stats

     stats auth admin:admin

     stats hide-version

     stats admin if TRUE

192.168.26.211上配置文件也一樣：因此我們直接SCP過去。

scp -p haproxy.cfg node2:/etc/haproxy/

啟動兩臺服務器上的HAproxy服務。

安裝keepalived:192.168.26.210和192.168.26.211

首先192.168.26.210配置：

Yum install –y keepalived

編輯配置文件：vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

配置文件：

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     acassen@firewall.loc

     failover@firewall.loc

     sysadmin@firewall.loc

   }

   notification_email_from jwenshan@163.com

   smtp_server 192.168.200.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_script chk_haproxy {

    script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh"                      //檢查haproxy的腳本

    interval 2                                           //每兩秒檢查一次

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state BACKUP                                        //定義為BACKUP節點

    nopreempt                                           //開啟不搶占

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100                                        //開啟了不搶占，所以此處優先級必須高于另一臺

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass jerry

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.27.210                                 //配置VIP

    }

    track_script {

        chk_haproxy                                    //調用檢查腳本

    }

    notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"

    notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop"

}

創建腳本文件：主要用于檢測haproxy狀態。

Vim /etc/keepalived/Chk.sh

#!/bin/bash

#

if [ $(ps -C haproxy --no-header | wc -l) -eq 0 ]; then

       /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

Fi

啟動Keepalived服務:

service keepalived start

192.168.26.211配置：

Yum install –y keepalived

編輯配置文件：Vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

     acassen@firewall.loc

     failover@firewall.loc

     sysadmin@firewall.loc

   }

   notification_email_from jwenshan@163.com

   smtp_server 192.168.200.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_script chk_haproxy {

    script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh"                    

    interval 2                                      

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state BACKUP                                   

    nopreempt                                     

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 51

    priority 99                                 

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass jerry

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.27.210                                

    }

    track_script {

        chk_haproxy                                   

    }

    notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"

    notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop"

}

腳本文件：vim /etc/keepalived/chk.sh

#!/bin/bash

#

if [ $(ps -C haproxy --no-header | wc -l) -eq 0 ]; then

       /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

Fi

啟動Keepalived服務

Service keepalived start

測試VIP網絡是否通暢：ping 192.168.27.210 –t

訪問VIP網絡：

Http://192.168.27.210

不斷刷新瀏覽器觀察顯示結果

測試通過VIP訪問后臺監控頁面：

訪問成功。

測試高可用：

停掉192.168.26.210上Keepalived 觀察結果：

Service keepalived stop

首先VIP網絡出現波動：

再次訪問VIP成功：

VIP已經轉移動192.168.26.211上：

恢復192.168.26.210keepalived觀察

：vip沒有自動轉移回192.168.26.210 這和我們的設置參數有關。

本試驗keepalived配置中涉及幾個重要參數，nopreempt  state MASTER/ state BACKUP  priority 可以更改其設置觀察其變化，適應不同場景中的應用。

看了以上關于HAproxy+Keepalived負載均衡-高可用web站詳細流程介紹，如果大家還有什么地方需要了解的可以在億速云行業資訊里查找自己感興趣的或者找我們的專業技術工程師解答的，億速云技術工程師在行業內擁有十幾年的經驗了。