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一、首先配置orm
1、首先在settings.py中配置（數據庫需要手動提前先建好）
注釋以下內容（47行）
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'orm_db1',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':3306,
'USER':'root',
'PASSWORD':'mariadb.123',
}
}2、在__init__.py中添加以下內容：
import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
二、在項目中配置
1、在models.py中創建用戶表與字段填寫
from django.db import models class User(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) password = models.CharField(max_length=32) address = models.CharField(max_length=32) phone=models.CharField(max_length=64,default='120') #______________ 分割線，另做其他使用___________________________ class Publish(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) email = models.EmailField() addr = models.CharField(max_length=64) class Author(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) address = models.CharField(max_length=32) class Book(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) # 21.38 price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2) # 一對多的關系確立,關聯字段寫在多的一方,orm自動在publish后面加id,publish_id publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', to_field='id') # 多對多關系,orm會自動創建第三張表 authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
1 python3 manage.py makemigrations ----記錄一下數據庫的變化
2 python3 manage.py migrate ----將變化同步到數據庫中
2、在總路由添加以后可能要添加的功能路由地址與對應的視圖
from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^user_list/',views.user_list), url(r'^delete/',views.delete), url(r'^add/',views.add), url(r'^edit/',views.edit), ]
3、在視圖功能文件中填寫：views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.
def user_list(request):
if request.method=='GET':
# 查詢user表中所有數據.--相當于sql select * from app01_user;
# 返回結果是QuerySet對象(先當成列表)
# [user1,user2]
# 單表查詢所有用戶
ret=models.User.objects.all()
# print(type(ret))
# for i in ret:
# print(type(i))
# print(i.name)
return render(request,'user_list.html',{'user_list':ret})
def delete(request):
# get請求攜帶參數:http://127.0.0.1:8000/deleteuser/?id=1
if request.method=='GET':
# 后臺取值:request.GET.get('id')
id=request.GET.get('id')
# orm刪除記錄
models.User.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return redirect('/user_list/')
def add(request):
if request.method=='GET':
return render(request, 'add.html')
elif request.method=="POST":
# 前臺post提交的數據取值:
name=request.POST.get('name')
pwd=request.POST.get('password')
addr=request.POST.get('addr')
phe=request.POST.get('phone_a')
# 方式一
# user=models.User(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr)
# user.save() #寫入數據庫
# 方式二
models.User.objects.create(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr,phone=phe)
return redirect('/user_list/')
def edit(request):
if request.method=='GET':
id=request.GET.get('id')
# orm查詢單條數據
user=models.User.objects.filter(id=id).first()
return render(request,'edit.html',{'user':user})
if request.method=='POST':
id=request.POST.get("id")
name = request.POST.get('name')
pwd = request.POST.get('password')
addr = request.POST.get('addr')
phe = request.POST.get('phone_a')
# orm的修改
models.User.objects.filter(id=id).update(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr,phone=phe)
return redirect('/user_list/')4、在templates目錄中創建以下html文件
add.html
edit.html
user_list.html
add.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>新增用戶</title> </head> <body> <form action="" method="post"> <p>用戶名: <input type="text" name="name"></p> <p>密碼: <input type="password" name="password"></p> <p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr"></p> <p>電話：<input type="text" name="phone_a"></p> <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form> </body> </html>
edit.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/edit/?id={{ user.id }}" method="post">
<p><input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{ user.id }}"></p>
<p>用戶名: <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ user.name }}"></p>
<p>密碼: <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ user.password }}"></p>
<p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr" value="{{ user.address }}"></p>
<p>電話：<input type="text" name="phone_a" value="{{ user.phone }}"></p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>user_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>name</th>
<th>password</th>
<th>address</th>
<th>phone</th>
<th>delete</th>
<th>add</th>
<th>edit</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for user in user_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ user.id }}</td>
<td>{{ user.name }}</td>
<td>{{ user.password }}</td>
<td>{{ user.address }}</td>
<td>{{ user.phone }}</td>
<td><a href="/delete?id={{ user.id }}">刪除</a> </td>
<td><a href="/edit?id={{ user.id }}">編輯</a></td>
<td><a href="/add/">新增用戶</a></td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>總結：
1 orm 創建表,新增字段,修改,刪除字段,不能創建數據庫 -字段屬性phone=models.CharField(max_length=64,null=True) -null=True 代表該列可以為空 2 數據的增刪改查 -增(1):User.objects.create(address='') -增(2):實例化產生一個user對象,user對象的save方法 -刪:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').first().delete() -刪:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').delete() -改:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').update() -查:User.objects.all() user=User.objects.filter(name='lqz') user.name
3 前后臺交互
-id=1&name='lqz'&
<form action="/updateuser/?id={{ user.id }}" method="post">
<p><input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{ user.id }}"></p>
<p>用戶名: <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ user.name }}"></p>
<p>密碼: <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ user.password }}"></p>
<p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr" value="{{ user.address }}"></p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>4 django生命周期 5 一對多,多對多 -publish_id -publish=models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', to_field='id') book.publish_id book.publish 多對多:(自動創建第三張表) authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
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