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主庫：安裝grid軟件及創建磁盤組；安裝數據庫軟件并創建數據庫，
備庫：僅安裝grid軟件并創建asm磁盤組，同時安裝數據庫軟件即可。
主機名 | 數據庫版本 | dbname | db_unique_name | ip地址 | 系統版本 |
server1(主) |
oracle11204 |
Jason
| jason | 192.168.1.250 |
rhel6.6_x86_64 |
server2(備) | jason2 | 192.168.1.252 |
[oracle@server1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Jul 14 20:45:33 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Database altered.
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
YES
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination +DATA
Oldest online log sequence 24
Next log sequence to archive 26
Current log sequence 26
1).standby redo log的文件大小與primary 數據庫online redo log 文件大小相同
2).standby redo log日志文件組的個數依照下面的原則進行計算
Standby redo log組數公式>=(每個instance日志組個數+1)*instance個數
例如在我的環境中，只有一個節點，這個節點有三組redo，所以
Standby redo log組數公式>=(3+1)*1 == 4
所以需要創建4組Standby redo log
3).每一日志組為了安全起見，可以包含多個成員文件。
查看主數據庫的日志組個數與大小，創建standy日志組,大小不能小于在線日志大小。
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_3.263.919631585
+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_2.262.919631583
+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_1.261.919631583
3 rows selected.
SQL> select group#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;
GROUP# BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------------
1 50
3 50
2 50
在主數據庫創建standby日志組，位置與原日志組相同的路徑。
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 SIZE 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 SIZE 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 SIZE 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 SIZE 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#,status,type,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------
3 ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_3.263.919631585
2 ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_2.262.919631583
1 ONLINE +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_1.261.919631583
4 STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_4.269.919707467
5 STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_5.270.919707475
6 STANDBY +DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_6.271.919707483
7 STANDBY+DATA/jason/onlinelog/group_7.272.919707491
7 rows selected.
SQL>
在主庫上修改dataguard配置相關的各個參數，各參數的具體含義可以參考oracle在線文檔。
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)' SCOPE=SPFILE;
alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO' SCOPE=SPFILE;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=+DATAVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON' scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=JASON2 ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2'scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE' scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE' scope=spfile;
alter system set FAL_SERVER='JASON2' scope=spfile;
主庫的DB_UNIQUE_NAME不設置，默認與數據庫名一致。
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)'SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO' SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=+DATAVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=JASON2 ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2'scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set FAL_SERVER='JASON2' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2253744 bytes
Variable Size 310381648bytes
Database Buffers 92274688 bytes
Redo Buffers 4284416 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
grid用戶創建監聽，如下：
[grid@server1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/
[grid@server1 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = server1)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent
oracle用戶下tnsname.ora配置如下
[oracle@server1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@server1 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
JASON =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.250)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = JASON)
)
)
JASON2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.252)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = JASON2)
)
)
[oracle@server1 admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 12-AUG-201622:43:25
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNRfor Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 12-AUG-2016 17:56:24
Uptime 0 days 4 hr. 47 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON:Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/server1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=server1)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "JASON" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "JASON",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "JASONXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "JASON",status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@server1 admin]$
在主數據庫生成pfile文件。
SQL> create pfile=’/home/oracle/pfile.ora’ from spfile;
File created.
同步密碼認證文件至備機。
[oracle@jason1 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@jason1 dbs]$ scp initJASON.ora orapwJASON 192.168.1.252:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100)' can't beestablished.
RSA key fingerprint is 25:ca:65:90:d3:30:fa:68:ed:11:64:b2:0e:b0:39:a7.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.100' (RSA) to the list of knownhosts.
oracle@192.168.1.252's password:
initJASON.ora 100%1415 1.4KB/s 00:00
orapwJASON 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00
[oracle@jason1 dbs]
備庫上創建相關目錄
[oracle@server2 oracle]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/JASON2/adump
備庫上修改初始參數文件，配置DG所需參數如下。
JASON.__db_cache_size=104857600
JASON.__java_pool_size=4194304
JASON.__large_pool_size=8388608
JASON.__pga_aggregate_target=180355072
JASON.__sga_target=230686720
JASON.__shared_io_pool_size=0
JASON.__shared_pool_size=104857600
JASON.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/JASON2/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='+DATA'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='JASON'
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='JASON2'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=JASONXDB)'
*.fal_server='JASON'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(JASON,JASON2)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON2'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=JASON ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=JASON'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=411041792
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
grid用戶創建監聽，備庫監聽必須配置為靜態監聽。如下：
[grid@server2 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = JASON2)
(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = JASON)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = server2)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON
oracle用戶下tnsname.ora配置如下
[oracle@server1 ~]$ cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@server1 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
JASON =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.250)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = JASON)
)
)
JASON2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.252)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = JASON2)
)
)
將備庫啟動到nomount狀態，然后在備機連接主庫進行duplicate操作。
[oracle@server2 dbs]$ rman target sys/system@JASON auxiliarysys/system@JASON2
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 12 18:35:212016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: JASON (DBID=2143845850)
connected to auxiliary database: JASON (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck fromactive database;
Starting Duplicate Db at 12-AUG-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON' auxiliaryformat
'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 12-AUG-16
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=45 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 12-AUG-16
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy currentcontrolfile for standby auxiliary format '+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533';
sql clone "create spfilefrom memory";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
sql clone "alter systemset control_files =
''+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533'' comment=
''Set by RMAN''scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 12-AUG-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying standby control file
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_JASON.ftag=TAG20160812T183533 RECID=1 STAMP=919708533
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 12-AUG-16
sql statement: create spfile from memory
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2253744 bytes
Variable Size 318770256 bytes
Database Buffers 83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers 4284416 bytes
sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533'' comment= ''Set byRMAN'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2253744 bytes
Variable Size 318770256 bytes
Database Buffers 83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers 4284416 bytes
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mountstandby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for clonetempfile 1 to new;
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for clonedatafile 1 to new;
set newname for clonedatafile 2 to new;
set newname for clonedatafile 3 to new;
set newname for clonedatafile 4 to new;
backup as copy reuse
datafile 1 auxiliary format new
datafile 2 auxiliary format new
datafile 3 auxiliary format new
datafile 4 auxiliary format new
;
sql 'alter system archive logcurrent';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to +DATA in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting backup at 12-AUG-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001name=+DATA/jason/datafile/system.256.919631481
output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/system.257.919708567tag=TAG20160812T183605
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002name=+DATA/jason/datafile/sysaux.257.919631481
output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/sysaux.258.919708603tag=TAG20160812T183605
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003name=+DATA/jason/datafile/undotbs1.258.919631481
output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/undotbs1.259.919708627tag=TAG20160812T183605
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004name=+DATA/jason/datafile/users.259.919631483
output file name=+DATA/jason2/datafile/users.260.919708631tag=TAG20160812T183605
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 12-AUG-16
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=919708632 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/system.257.919708567
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=919708632 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/sysaux.258.919708603
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=919708633 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/undotbs1.259.919708627
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=919708633 filename=+DATA/jason2/datafile/users.260.919708631
Finished Duplicate Db at 12-AUG-16
RMAN>
備注：創建備庫后，數據庫處于mount狀態，數據打開時將會初始化臨時表空間、在線日志、standby日志。
將備庫置于active dataguard模式下，備庫創建成功后默認為mount狀態，需要手動打開。
[oracle@server2 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Aug 12 18:51:54 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bitProduction
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using currentlogfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY JASON2
SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL
-------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
SQL>
SQL> select status from v$standby_log;
STATUS
----------
UNASSIGNED
ACTIVE
UNASSIGNED
UNASSIGNED
SQL> select group#,status,type,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------
3 ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_3.263.919708637
2 ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_2.262.919708637
1 ONLINE +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_1.261.919708633
4 STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_4.264.919708637
5 STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_5.265.919708639
6 STANDBY+DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_6.266.919708639
7 STANDBY +DATA/jason2/onlinelog/group_7.267.919708641
7 rows selected.
SQL>
主庫查看數據庫狀態
[oracle@server1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Aug 12 18:34:16 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bitProduction
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
READ WRITE PRIMARY JASON
SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL
-------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
SQL>
備庫創建結束后，需要創建spfile文件。
修改pfile文件control_files參數，指定備庫的控制文件，查看asm磁盤組獲取控制文件名及位置。如下：
control_files='+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533'，
創建spfile.
SQL> create SPFILE='+DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora'from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initJASON.ora';
File created.
創建pfile文件指向
[oracle@server2dbs]$ cat initJASON.ora
SPFILE='+DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora'
[oracle@server2dbs]$
spfile文件創建成功后，備庫重啟將使用spfile文件啟動數據庫
使用ALTERDATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL取消日志恢復，關閉數據庫，再次打開，再開啟日志應用。
SQL> showparameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/jason2/spfilejason.ora
SQL>
主庫切換日志
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOGORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
5 NO
6 NO
7 NO
8 NO
9 NO
10 NO
10 YES
11 NO
11 YES
12 NO
12 YES
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
13 NO
13 YES
14 NO
14 YES
15 NO
15 NO
17 rows selected.
SQL>
備庫查看日志
SQL> SELECTSEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
10 YES
11 YES
12 YES
13 YES
14 YES
15IN-MEMORY
6 rows selected.
SQL>
主庫切換
SQL> SELECTSWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO STANDBY
SQL> ALTERDATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;
Database altered.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instancestarted.
Total System GlobalArea 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size 2253744 bytes
Variable Size 322964560 bytes
DatabaseBuffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 4284416 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------------ ------------------------------
READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY JASON
SQL> ALTERDATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROMSESSION;
Database altered.
SQL>
備庫切換
SQL> SELECTSWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO PRIMARY
SQL> ALTERDATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;
Database altered.
SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------------ ------------------------------
MOUNTED PRIMARY JASON2
SQL> alterdatabase open;
Database altered.
SQL> selectopen_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------------ ------------------------------
READ WRITE PRIMARY JASON2
SQL>
[oracle@server2 ~]$rman target sys/system@JASON auxiliarysys/system@jason2
Recovery Manager:Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 10 07:37:33 2016
Copyright (c) 1982,2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Allrights reserved.
connected to target database:JASON (DBID=2143699214)
connected toauxiliary database: JASON (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicatetarget database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;
Starting DuplicateDb at 10-AUG-16
using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel:ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channelORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK
contents of MemoryScript:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON' auxiliaryformat
'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwJASON' ;
}
executing MemoryScript
Starting backup at10-AUG-16
allocated channel:ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1:SID=51 device type=DISK
Finished backup at10-AUG-16
contents of MemoryScript:
{
backup as copy current controlfile forstandby auxiliary format '+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533';
}
executing MemoryScript
Starting backup at10-AUG-16
using channelORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1:starting datafile copy
copying standby controlfile
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569:=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failureof Duplicate Db command at 08/10/2016 07:38:20
RMAN-05501: abortingduplication of target database
RMAN-03015: erroroccurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-03009: failureof backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 08/10/2016 07:38:20
ORA-17628: Oracleerror 19505 returned by remote Oracle server
RMAN>
錯誤分析:該錯誤mos也給出了對應解決方法，由于主備庫目錄不一致未使用參數db_file_name_convert,LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT參數導致。本案例中主備庫都是用+data磁盤組，同時使用OMF管理文件。因此不適用本案例。在創建數據庫期間，警告日志報如下錯誤：
ORA-15025: could not open disk"/dev/asm-diskb"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permissiondenied
Additional information: 9
Wed Aug 10 07:38:19 2016
SUCCESS: diskgroup DATA wasdismounted
ERROR: diskgroup DATA was notmounted
Errors in file/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jason2/JASON/trace/JASON_ora_3131.trc:
ORA-19505:failed to identify file "+DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533"
ORA-17502:ksfdcre:3 Failed to create file +DATA/jason2/controlfile/current.256.919708533
ORA-15001: diskgroup"DATA" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
備庫磁盤組存在，且查看主庫磁盤組與備庫磁盤組權限一致，那么可能是其他原因導致。最終發現主庫的/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle文件權限不一致。
主庫
[root@server1 bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle
備庫
[root@server2 bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle
主備庫唯一的區別在于備庫是通過rman復制創建。測試發現在dbca創建數據庫后將會修改該文件權限。以下為測試過程：
安裝grid,數據庫軟件時，未創建數據庫時
[root@server1 dbhome_1]# cd bin/
[root@server1 bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle
[root@server1 bin]#
dbca創建數據庫之后
[root@server1 trace]# cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/
[root@server1 bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle
[root@server1 bin]#
因此修改備庫該文件權限,問題解決。
[root@server2 bin]#chown oracle:asmadminoracle
[root@server2 bin]#chmod 6751 oracle
[root@server2 bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin239626731 Aug 11 20:06 oracle
備用數據庫啟動時報如下錯誤
ERROR: failed to establish dependency between database JASON2 anddiskgroup resource ora.DATA.dg
查看噶日志信息是因為備庫未注冊入CRS啟動時報錯。同時備機重啟僅ASM實例與crs啟動,CRS無法啟動數據庫。因此注冊備庫至CRS中。
以oracle用戶執行
[oracle@server2 dbs]$ srvctl add database -d JASON2 -o/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -p +DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora -i jason -r PHYSICAL_STANDBY -n jason
[oracle@server2 dbs]$ srvctl modify database -d JASON2 -a 'data'
[oracle@server2 dbs]$ srvctl config database -d jason2 -a
Database unique name: JASON2
Database name: jason
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/JASON2/spfileJASON.ora
Domain:
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PHYSICAL_STANDBY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Database instance: jason
Disk Groups: DATA
Services:
Database is enabled
[oracle@server2 dbs]$
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