怎么用源碼安裝PostgreSQL

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數據庫版本:

PostgreSQL 9.6.3

系統版本：

CentOS release 6.6 (Final)

下載軟件（Download software）：

[root@Darren2 tools]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.3/postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz

查看是否已經安裝(Check is not instatll)：

[root@Darren2 tools]# ps -ef |grep pgsql

root      28590  18695  0 20:24 pts/0    00:00:00 grep pgsql

[postgres@sht-sgmhadoopdn-02 ~]$ rpm -qa |grep postgres

postgresql-libs-8.4.18-1.el6_4.x86_64

解壓（Extract software）：

[root@Darren2 tools]# tar xf postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz

編譯和安裝(Complie)：

[root@Darren2 tools]# cd postgresql-9.6.3

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql

編譯所有能編譯的東西，包括文檔（HTML和手冊頁）以及附加模塊（contrib）：

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# make world && make install-world

......

make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/vacuumlo'

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib'

PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete.

創建用組和用戶(Create group and user)

[root@Darren2 ~]# groupadd -g 101 dba

[root@Darren2 ~]# cat /etc/group|grep dba

dba:x:101:

[root@Darren2 ~]# useradd -u 516 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/pgsql  postgres

[root@Darren2 ~]# id postgres

uid=516(postgres) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)

-u UID

-g 初始用戶組

-G次要用戶組

-m 創建用戶家目錄（系統用戶默認不創建家目錄）

-M 不創建用戶家目錄（普通用戶默認創建家目錄）

-s shell 默認是/bin/bash

-d指定家目錄

[root@Darren2 home]# groups postgres

postgres : dba root

配置postgres密碼

[root@Darren2 home]# passwd postgres

[root@Darren2 skel]# ls -al /etc/skel/

total 20

drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root 4096 Dec 20  2016 .

drwxr-xr-x. 84 root root 4096 Jul 11 22:27 ..

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 Jul 18  2013 .bash_logout

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 Jul 18  2013 .bash_profile

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  124 Jul 18  2013 .bashrc

[root@Darren2 skel]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/pgsql/

創建數據目錄（Create data folder）

[root@Darren2 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data

配置.bash_profile(Configure .bash_profile)

[root@Darren2 pgsql]# cat /usr/local/pgsql/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

    . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql

export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin

set umask to 022

umask 022

PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1

修改文件權限和所有者（Chmod and chown）

[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/pgsql

[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chown -R postgres:dba /usr/local/pgsql

[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 700 /usr/local/pgsql/data

配置postgresql服務啟動和設置自啟動(Configure postgresql service and boot auto start) --這步可不做

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# cp /home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgresql

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgresql

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --list |grep postgresql

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --add postgresql

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --list |grep postgresql

postgresql         0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

初始化數據和啟動(Initialize database and start database)

[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# su - postgres

[postgres@Darren2 start-scripts]$ cd

[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ pwd

/usr/local/pgsql

[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ . .bash_profile

#初始化生成數據文件

Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data

#啟動數據庫

Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>pg_ctl start

server starting

Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>LOG:  database system was shut down at 2017-07-12 00:49:17 CST

LOG:  MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled

LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

創建用戶和數據庫(Create user and database)

psql

psql (9.6.3)

Type "help" for help.

postgres=# create user admin password'admin' login;

CREATE ROLE

postgres=# create database testdb with owner=admin;

CREATE DATABASE

Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>pg_ctl status

pg_ctl: server is running (PID: 51498)

/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres

安裝過程中常見報錯

編譯時候報錯：

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql --without-zlib

......

configure: error: readline library not found  --提示找不到readline

If you have readline already installed, see config.log for details on the

failure.  It is possible the compiler isn't looking in the proper directory.

Use --without-readline to disable readline support.

查看系統已經安裝readline：

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# rpm -qa |grep readline

compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64

readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64

通過yum search可以發現沒有安裝readline-devel:

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum search readline

......

readline-devel.i686 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library

readline-devel.x86_64 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library

......

通過yum安裝之后，在編譯即可通過：

[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum install -y readline-devel

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