Android IPC機制ACtivity綁定Service實現通信

發布時間：2020-10-30 15:02:46 來源：億速云閱讀：424 作者：Leah 欄目：開發技術

本篇文章為大家展示了Android IPC機制ACtivity綁定Service實現通信，內容簡明扼要并且容易理解，絕對能使你眼前一亮，通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。

Binder通信過程類似于TCP/IP服務連接過程binder四大架構Server(服務器)，Client(客戶端)，ServiceManager(DNS)以及Binder驅動(路由器)

其中Server，Client，ServiceManager運行于用戶空間，驅動運行于內核空間。這四個角色的關系和互聯網類似：Server是服務器，Client是客戶終端，SMgr是域名服務器（DNS），驅動是路由器。

book.java

package com.example.android_binder_testservice;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

public class Book implements Parcelable {
  private String bookName;
  private String author;
  private int publishDate;

  public Book() {

  }

  public Book(String bookName, String author, int publishDate) {
    super();
    this.bookName = bookName;
    this.author = author;
    this.publishDate = publishDate;
  }

  public String getBookName() {
    return bookName;
  }

  public void setBookName(String bookName) {
    this.bookName = bookName;
  }

  public String getAuthor() {
    return author;
  }

  public void setAuthor(String author) {
    this.author = author;
  }

  public int getPublishDate() {
    return publishDate;
  }

  public void setPublishDate(int publishDate) {
    this.publishDate = publishDate;
  }

  @Override
  public int describeContents() {
    return 0;
  }

  @Override
  public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
    out.writeString(bookName);
    out.writeString(author);
    out.writeInt(publishDate);
    
  }
  
  
  

  public static final Parcelable.Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {
    @Override
    public Book[] newArray(int size) {
      return new Book[size];
    }


    @Override
    public Book createFromParcel(android.os.Parcel source) {
      return new Book(source);
    }
  };

  public Book(Parcel in) {
    bookName = in.readString();
    author = in.readString();
    publishDate = in.readInt();
  }
}

上面是一個實現了parcelable的實體類，就是將book序列化，在putExtra到Service時會被寫入內存加快程序速度

mainActivity.java

package com.example.android_binder_testservice;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  Button startServiceButton;// 啟動服務按鈕
  Button shutDownServiceButton;// 關閉服務按鈕
  Button startBindServiceButton;// 啟動綁定服務按鈕
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    getWidget();
    regiestListener();
  }
  public void getWidget(){
    startServiceButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startService);
    startBindServiceButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bindService);
    shutDownServiceButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stopService);
  }
  public void regiestListener() {
    startServiceButton.setOnClickListener(startService);
    shutDownServiceButton.setOnClickListener(shutdownService);
    startBindServiceButton.setOnClickListener(startBinderService);
  }
  /** 啟動服務的事件監聽 */
  public Button.OnClickListener startService = new Button.OnClickListener() {
    public void onClick(View view) {
      /** 單擊按鈕時啟動服務 */
      Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,
          CountService.class);
      startService(intent);
      
      Log.v("MainStadyServics", "start Service");
    }
  };
  /** 關閉服務 */
  public Button.OnClickListener shutdownService = new Button.OnClickListener() {
    public void onClick(View view) {
      /** 單擊按鈕時啟動服務 */
      Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,
          CountService.class);
      /** 退出Activity是，停止服務 */
      stopService(intent);
      Log.v("MainStadyServics", "shutDown serveice");
    }
  };
  /** 打開綁定服務的Activity */
  public Button.OnClickListener startBinderService = new Button.OnClickListener() {
    public void onClick(View view) {
      /** 單擊按鈕時啟動服務 */
      Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, UseBrider.class);
      startActivity(intent);
      Log.v("MainStadyServics", "start Binder Service");
    }
  };

}

mainActivity中當使用startService()啟動Service時會調用Service的onStartCommand（）

當使用bindService（）則會調用onBind（）方法，可能會覺了看的又看怎么沒看到bindService（）這個方法呢

重點在

Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, UseBrider.class);
startActivity(intent);

繼續上代碼

UseBrider.java

/** 通過bindService和unBindSerivce的方式啟動和結束服務 */
public class UseBrider extends FragmentActivity {
  /** 參數設置 */
  CountService countService;

  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(new UseBriderFace(this));

    Intent intent = new Intent(UseBrider.this, CountService.class);
    intent.putExtra("book", new Book("name", "an", 1999));

　　　　/** 進入Activity開始服務

　　　　　* conn
　　　　　*/
    bindService(intent, conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

  }

  private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
    /*
     * 這個方法會獲取到CountService的onBind方法中返回的Binder對象
     * 然后就可以對服務進行某種操作了
     */
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
      countService = ((CountService.ServiceBinder) service).getService();
      countService.callBack();
    }

    /** 無法獲取到服務對象時的操作 */
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
      countService = null;
    }

  };

  protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    this.unbindService(conn);
    Log.v("MainStadyServics", "out");
  }
}

UseBriderFace.java

public class UseBriderFace extends View{
      /**創建參數*/
    public UseBriderFace(Context context){
      super(context);
    }
    public void onDraw(Canvas canvas){
      canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);//畫白色背景
        /**繪制文字*/
      Paint textPaint = new Paint();
      textPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
      textPaint.setTextSize(30);
      canvas.drawText("使用綁定服務", 10, 30, textPaint);
      textPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
      textPaint.setTextSize(18);
      canvas.drawText("使用綁定服務后，這個Activity關閉后", 20, 60, textPaint);
      canvas.drawText("綁定的服務也會關閉", 5, 80, textPaint);

    }
  }

UseBriderFace.java類其實就是用java定義的布局可以用xml文件代替

countService.java

package com.example.android_binder_testservice;

/**引入包*/
import android.app.Service;// 服務的類
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

/** 計數的服務 */
public class CountService extends Service {
  private String TAG = CountService.class.getSimpleName();
  /** 創建參數 */
  boolean threadDisable;
  int count;
  Book book;
/*
 * 當通過bindService()啟動CountService時會調用這個方法并返回一個ServiceBinder對象
 * 這個Binder對象封裝著一個CountService實例，
 * 客戶端就可以通過ServiceBinder對服務端進行一些操作
 */
  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    Log.i(TAG, "onBind");
    book = intent.getParcelableExtra("book");
    return new ServiceBinder();
  }

  @Override
  public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand");
    return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
  }

  @Override
  public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
    Log.i(TAG, "onUnbind");
    return super.onUnbind(intent);
  }

  @Override
  public void onRebind(Intent intent) {
    Log.i(TAG, "onRebind");
    super.onRebind(intent);
  }

  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    /** 創建一個線程，每秒計數器加一，并在控制臺進行Log輸出 */
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        while (!threadDisable) {
          try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {

          }
          count++;
          Log.v("CountService", "Count is" + count);
        }
      }
    }).start();
    Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");
  }

  public void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    /** 服務停止時，終止計數進程 */
    this.threadDisable = true;
    Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy");
  }

  public int getConunt() {
    return count;
  }
  public void callBack(){
    Log.i(TAG, "hello,i am a method of CountService");
  }

  class ServiceBinder extends Binder {
    public CountService getService() {

      return CountService.this;
    }
  }
}

上述內容就是Android IPC機制ACtivity綁定Service實現通信，你們學到知識或技能了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或者豐富自己的知識儲備，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。

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