mysql 啟動錯誤(InnoDB: Operating system error number 1

mysql 啟動錯誤(InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 )                  

環境：mysq 5.6.35、centos 7.3

問題描述：

今天下午開發過來說開發庫無法連接了，登錄服務器后發現mysql進程down了

啟動mysql：

 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

啟動時報錯，無法正常啟動mysql

查詢告警日志文件

如果錯誤信息如下

2018-07-03 15:19:11 7f6e0dc9e700  InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
2018-07-03 15:19:11 7f6e0dc9e700  InnoDB: Assertion failure in thread 140110654465792 in file fil0fil.cc line 875
InnoDB: Failing assertion: ret
InnoDB: We intentionally generate a memory trap.
InnoDB: Submit a detailed bug report to http://bugs.mysql.com.
InnoDB: If you get repeated assertion failures or crashes, even
InnoDB: immediately after the mysqld startup, there may be
InnoDB: corruption in the InnoDB tablespace. Please refer to
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html
InnoDB: about forcing recovery.
07:19:11 UTC - mysqld got signal 6 ;
This could be because you hit a bug. It is also possible that this binary
or one of the libraries it was linked against is corrupt, improperly built,
or misconfigured. This error can also be caused by malfunctioning hardware.
We will try our best to scrape up some info that will hopefully help
diagnose the problem, but since we have already crashed,
something is definitely wrong and this may fail.

key_buffer_size=8388608
read_buffer_size=262144
max_used_connections=5
max_threads=1024
thread_count=3
connection_count=3
It is possible that mysqld could use up to
key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_threads = 545584 K  bytes of memory
Hope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.

Thread pointer: 0x511a8b0
Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find out
where mysqld died. If you see no messages after this, something went
terribly wrong...
stack_bottom = 7f6e0dc9de90 thread_stack 0x30000
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(my_print_stacktrace+0x35)[0x9122f5]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(handle_fatal_signal+0x3d8)[0x675f18]
/lib64/libpthread.so.0(+0xf370)[0x7f6e7ca9a370]
/lib64/libc.so.6(gsignal+0x37)[0x7f6e7b6991d7]
/lib64/libc.so.6(abort+0x148)[0x7f6e7b69a8c8]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa74431]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa7462b]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa7d319]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa480f0]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa489cb]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa36643]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa2177f]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x9cb948]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x92cf30]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x924799]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x92cc69]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_ZN7handler11ha_rnd_nextEPh+0x64)[0x58cf54]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z13rr_sequentialP11READ_RECORD+0x37)[0x841ba7]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z10sub_selectP4JOINP13st_join_tableb+0x10f)[0x6d472f]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_ZN4JOIN4execEv+0x435)[0x6d21e5]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x719839]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z12mysql_selectP3THDP10TABLE_LISTjR4ListI4ItemEPS4_P10SQL_I_ListI8st_orderESB_S7_yP13select_resultP18st_select_lex_unitP13st_select_lex+0xbc)[0x719b6c]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z13handle_selectP3THDP13select_resultm+0x184)[0x719d84]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x6f3da9]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z21mysql_execute_commandP3THD+0x3ab7)[0x6f9457]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z11mysql_parseP3THDPcjP12Parser_state+0x377)[0x6fcb77]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z16dispatch_command19enum_server_commandP3THDPcj+0x19ed)[0x6fec8d]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z10do_commandP3THD+0xd7)[0x7000e7]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z24do_handle_one_connectionP3THD+0x116)[0x6c6ca6]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(handle_one_connection+0x45)[0x6c6d85]
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(pfs_spawn_thread+0x126)[0xae5796]
/lib64/libpthread.so.0(+0x7dc5)[0x7f6e7ca92dc5]
/lib64/libc.so.6(clone+0x6d)[0x7f6e7b75b76d]

Trying to get some variables.
Some pointers may be invalid and cause the dump to abort.
Query (7f6db4013740): is an invalid pointer
Connection ID (thread ID): 194
Status: NOT_KILLED

The manual page at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/crashing.html contains
information that should help you find out what is causing the crash.

通過上述報錯日志內容分析可能是權限導致的

錯誤13說明沒有權限。使用命令

chmod -R 777  可以解決

[root@dev mysql]# chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mysql/
[root@dev mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

[root@dev mysql]# chmod -R 777 /mysql/data/
[root@dev mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/data/

提示一下：這個error number 就是系統的錯誤號，也是程序里的errorno

附上linux的 錯誤碼信息

errno.00 is: Success    成功
errno.01 is: Operation not permitted         不允許此類操作
errno.02 is: No such file or directory         沒有此文件或目錄
errno.03 is: No such process                    沒有此進程
errno.04 is: Interrupted system call           中斷系統調用
errno.05 is: Input/output error                   輸入輸出錯誤
errno.06 is: No such device or address    沒有此設備或地址
errno.07 is: Argument list too long            參數過長
errno.08 is: Exec format error                   執行格式錯誤
errno.09 is: Bad file descriptor                  無效的文件描述符
errno.10 is: No child processes                 不存在子進程
errno.11 is: Resource temporarily unavailable   資源暫時不可用
errno.12 is: Cannot allocate memory         分配內存失敗
errno.13 is: Permission denied                   權限錯誤
errno.14 is: Bad address                           地址錯誤
errno.15 is: Block device required             塊設備請求
errno.16 is: Device or resource busy         設備或資源忙
errno.17 is: File exists                                文件已經存在
errno.18 is: Invalid cross-device link          無效的交叉連接設備
errno.19 is: No such device                       沒有此設備
errno.20 is: Not a directory                        不是一個目錄
errno.21 is: Is a directory                           是一個目錄
errno.22 is: Invalid argument                     參數非法
errno.23 is: Too many open files in system    系統打開文件太多
errno.24 is: Too many open files               打開文件太多
errno.25 is: Inappropriate ioctl for device          設備部支持該操作
errno.26 is: Text file busy                           文本文件忙
errno.27 is: File too large                           文件太大
errno.28 is: No space left on device            設備沒有空間，一般為存儲設備
errno.29 is: Illegal seek                               非法的seek操作
errno.30 is: Read-only file system               只讀文件系統
errno.31 is: Too many links                         太多連接
errno.32 is: Broken pipe                              管道破裂
errno.33 is: Numerical argument out of domain          數值參數超出取值范圍
errno.34 is: Numerical result out of range                  數值結果超出取值范圍
errno.35 is: Resource deadlock avoided                   資源死鎖
errno.36 is: File name too long                        文件名太長
errno.37 is: No locks available                         沒有可用的鎖
errno.38 is: Function not implemented            函數沒有執行
errno.39 is: Directory not empty                      目錄非空
errno.40 is: Too many levels of symbolic links 太多級符號連接
errno.41 is: Unknown error 41                         41未知錯誤
errno.42 is: No message of desired type         不被接受的消息類型
errno.43 is: Identifier removed                        標識符已被刪除
errno.44 is: Channel number out of range     。。。
errno.45 is: Level 2 not synchronized
errno.46 is: Level 3 halted
errno.47 is: Level 3 reset
errno.48 is: Link number out of range
errno.49 is: Protocol driver not attached
errno.50 is: No CSI structure available
errno.51 is: Level 2 halted
errno.52 is: Invalid exchange
errno.53 is: Invalid request descriptor
errno.54 is: Exchange full
errno.55 is: No anode
errno.56 is: Invalid request code
errno.57 is: Invalid slot
errno.58 is: Unknown error 58
errno.59 is: Bad font file format
errno.60 is: Device not a stream
errno.61 is: No data available
errno.62 is: Timer expired
errno.63 is: Out of streams resources
errno.64 is: Machine is not on the network
errno.65 is: Package not installed
errno.66 is: Object is remote
errno.67 is: Link has been severed
errno.68 is: Advertise error
errno.69 is: Srmount error
errno.70 is: Communication error on send
errno.71 is: Protocol error
errno.72 is: Multihop attempted
errno.73 is: RFS specific error
errno.74 is: Bad message
errno.75 is: Value too large for defined data type
errno.76 is: Name not unique on network
errno.77 is: File descriptor in bad state
errno.78 is: Remote address changed
errno.79 is: Can not access a needed shared library
errno.80 is: Accessing a corrupted shared library
errno.81 is: .lib secion in a.out corrupted
errno.82 is: Attempting to link in too many shared libraries
errno.83 is: Cannot exec a shared library directly
errno.84 is: Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character
errno.85 is: Interrupted system call should be restarted
errno.86 is: Streams pipe error
errno.87 is: Too many users
errno.88 is: Socket operation on non-socket
errno.89 is: Destination address required
errno.90 is: Message too long
errno.91 is: Protocol wrong type for socket
errno.92 is: Protocol not available
errno.93 is: Protocol not supported
errno.94 is: Socket type not supported
errno.95 is: Operation not supported
errno.96 is: Protocol family not supported
errno.97 is: Address family not supported by protocol
errno.98 is: Address already in use
errno.99 is: Cannot assign requested address
errno.100 is: Network is down
errno.101 is: Network is unreachable
errno.102 is: Network dropped connection on reset
errno.103 is: Software caused connection abort
errno.104 is: Connection reset by peer
errno.105 is: No buffer space available
errno.106 is: Transport endpoint is already connected
errno.107 is: Transport endpoint is not connected
errno.108 is: Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown
errno.109 is: Too many references: cannot splice
errno.110 is: Connection timed out
errno.111 is: Connection refused
errno.112 is: Host is down
errno.113 is: No route to host
errno.114 is: Operation already in progress
errno.115 is: Operation now in progress
errno.116 is: Stale NFS file handle
errno.117 is: Structure needs cleaning
errno.118 is: Not a XENIX named type file
errno.119 is: No XENIX semaphores available
errno.120 is: Is a named type file
errno.121 is: Remote I/O error
errno.122 is: Disk quota exceeded
errno.123 is: No medium found
errno.124 is: Wrong medium type
errno.125 is: Operation canceled
errno.126 is: Required key not available
errno.127 is: Key has expired
errno.128 is: Key has been revoked
errno.129 is: Key was rejected by service
errno.130 is: Owner died
errno.131 is: State not recoverable
errno.132 is: Unknown error 132
132-255全是Unknown error

windows的錯誤碼信息