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本文主要給大家簡單講講linux7.2系統下實現二進制安裝MySQL8.0.11方法,相關專業術語大家可以上網查查或者找一些相關書籍補充一下,這里就不涉獵了,我們就直奔主題吧,希望linux7.2系統下實現二進制安裝MySQL8.0.11方法這篇文章可以給大家帶來一些實際幫助。
1、下載二進制軟件包:
mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2、添加MySQL用戶和組:
[root@localhost ~]# userdel mysql (因為是新系統,所以就把現有的MySQL用戶給刪除了) [root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql [root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql (MySQL密碼要設置的復雜一點,或者在創建用戶的時候設置不讓登陸系統)
3、創建安裝MySQL目標,并解壓軟件到指定目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql [root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /mysql [root@localhost ~]# cd /mysql [root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 / mysql [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql
4、初始化數據庫
[root@localhost ~]# su - mysql
[mysql@localhost ~]$ vim /mysql/my.cnf
[client] socket=/mysql/data/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=142 port = 3306 basedir=/mysql/mysql datadir=/mysql/data socket=/mysql/data/mysql.sock log-error=/mysql/data/mysqld.log pid-file=/mysql/data/mysqld.pid log-bin=/mysql/data/binlog slow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/slow.log log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 binlog_format=ROW #default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password ---修改密碼加密方式。(看文中最后的解釋) gtid-mode = on enforce-gtid-consistency = 1 skip_slave_start=1 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1000M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2 innodb_log_file_size = 100M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_buffer_size = 24M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 600 innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 60 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80 innodb_autoextend_increment = 512 innodb_checksum_algorithm = NONE max_connect_errors = 1000 max_connections = 500 connect_timeout = 300 wait_timeout = 86400 interactive_timeout = 86400
[mysql@localhost mysql]$ /mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/mysql/ --datadir=/mysql/data/ --initialize
其中,root的默認密碼在:/mysql/data/mysqld.log 日志中,打開查看即可
5、啟動MySQL
[root@localhost mysql]# /mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql & [root@localhost mysql]# /mysql/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /mysql/data/mysql.sock mysql> set password='123456'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> \s -------------- /mysql/mysql/bin/mysql Ver 8.0.11 for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL) Connection id: 11 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL Protocol version: 10 Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket Server characterset: utf8mb4 Db characterset: utf8mb4 Client characterset: utf8mb4 Conn. characterset: utf8mb4 UNIX socket: /mysql/data/mysql.sock Uptime: 10 min 31 sec Threads: 2 Questions: 10 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 124 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 100 Queries per second avg: 0.015 --------------
(注意:這里啟動數據庫一定要用MySQL8.0安裝包自帶的客戶端才可以登錄,即要使用MySQL8.0安裝包的命令進行登錄數據庫,要不然會報錯,如:
ERROR 2059 (HY000): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded:)
注意:
在mysql8.0下,默認變成了default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password,包括你剛初始化的root用戶也是這個認證加密方式,這樣的結果是讓你除非用新的協議驅動,例如必須用8.0自帶的mysql客戶端才行,不然就連接不上數據庫.
在mysql5.7環境里,雖然可以設置default_authentication_plugin來改變認證加密方式,但是一般人不會去設置.所以默認使用的認證加密方式是mysql_native_password
解決方法:
①:在初始化的時候在配置文件中加入,如下,mysql_native_password 這種認證方法就會很多客戶端的認證加密方式一樣。
vim my.cnf
[mysqld]
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
②:使用命令行模式更改用戶的密碼加密認證方式:
mysql> select Host,User,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user; --看下面的root用戶的認證方式和其他用戶都是不一樣的, +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Host | User | plugin | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | localhost | mysql.infoschema | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | mysql.session | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | mysql.sys | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | root | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$T?yK{e`l{mrnZd|0iETvMwJ197qvnDXttfzdZX98q6xvFBwXuWd3ioPfnV7 | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; ---在修改密碼的時候指定密碼加密認證方式 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec) mysql> select Host,User,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user; ---再次查看所有用戶都一樣了,和5.7版本一樣 +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | Host | User | plugin | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | mysql.infoschema | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | mysql.session | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | mysql.sys | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | | localhost | root | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
另外,在MySQL8.0授權和創建用戶更加嚴格了,在MySQL5.7可以使用命令如下:
MySQL [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'192.168.2.%' identified by '123123'; ----MySQL5.7創建用戶授權的方法,報錯了,
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'identified by '123123'' at line 1
在MySQL8.0中必須先創建用戶再授權:
MySQL > create user 'test_user'@'%' identified by '123456'; --先創建用戶
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MySQL > grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'%' with grant option; --再授權
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
linux7.2系統下實現二進制安裝MySQL8.0.11方法就先給大家講到這里,對于其它相關問題大家想要了解的可以持續關注我們的行業資訊。我們的板塊內容每天都會捕捉一些行業新聞及專業知識分享給大家的。
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