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在自己的虛擬機的做實驗，突然發現使用PL/SQL Developer無法連接到數據庫，報錯ORA-12514，說是監聽沒有啟動。
先介紹虛擬機一下環境：redhat7.2+GI 12.2.0.1+Oracle 12.2.0.1，為了測試12.2的ASM特性安裝了GI。平時監聽程序默認是開啟啟動的。但是今天不知道為什么沒有啟動。使用crsctl查看資源狀態：發現監聽的狀態確實是OFFLINE狀態
[root@rhel7 .oracle]# crsstat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name Target State Server State details -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.DATA.dg ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 STABLE ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE OFFLINE rhel7 STABLE ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 Started,STABLE ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE rhel7 STABLE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.cssd 1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 STABLE ora.diskmon 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE ora.driver.afd 1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 STABLE ora.evmd 1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 STABLE ora.ora12c.db 1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o racle/product/12.2/d b_home1,STABLE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
嘗試手動啟動監聽，依然報錯：
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ srvctl start listener PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.LISTENER.lsnr CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_oraagent_grid.trc" CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_oraagent_grid.trc" CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rhel7' failed
根據提示查看trc文件，看到如下報錯：
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:03:28 Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521))) Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
看到Insufficient privilege for operation這個字樣覺得很納悶，怎么會權限不足呢，于是嘗試用root直接啟動監聽，依然報錯：
[root@rhel7 .oracle]# lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:22:30 Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNS-12546: TNS:permission denied TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00516: Permission denied Linux Error: 13: Permission denied
于是各種百度，下面把百度到內容列出來，可能會對看此文的同學有用，但是對我這種情況沒有用：
主要是說 /var/tmp/.oracle、/tmp/.oracle 這兩個目錄的權限訪問問題。 進入 一看，我的/var/tmp/.oracle權限 沒問題，而/tmp/.oracle壓根就沒有這個文件。
于是直接查MOS，看有沒有相關的文檔，找到兩篇文檔：
Starting the Listener Fails With: TNS-12557 or TNS-12555: TNS:Permission Denied (文檔 ID 343253.1)
Listener Fails To Start With IPC Permission Errors (TNS-12546 TNS-12555 TNS-00516 TNS-00525) (文檔 ID 434062.1)
對比了文檔中列出的問題，跟我的情況也不一相，看到最后發現這樣一句話：
4. If you find that there are no adapters linked or they have errors (such as "Permission denied") then issue a "relink all"
Reference:
Doc ID 1467060.1
于是只有用這種方法來試試了，由于crs使用的是grid home下的監聽命令所以對grid home做relink all操作。可是又出現報錯：
[grid@rhel7 bin]$ relink all The Oracle home in which you are running this relinking tool does not have proper write permissions. Please run this relink script as the same user who owns the Oracle home and ensure that the Oracle home has the permissions from the original installation. If this is a Grid Infrastructure home, please refer to the documentation for the proper steps to relink and apply oneoff patches.
意思是說權限不足，使用root執行，又報錯說不能用root執行
[root@rhel7 bin]# relink all The relink script cannot be run as root.
又查看grid home目錄權限
[root@rhel7 app]# ls -ld grid total 8 drwxr-x--- 84 root oinstall 4096 Jul 18 20:26 grid
原來owner是root，怪不得第一次執行不成功，修改owner(應該直接chmod也可以，這里沒有做測試)，重新執行relink all
[root@rhel7 app]# chown grid grid [grid@rhel7 ~]$ relink all writing relink log to: /u01/app/grid/install/relink.log
成功后再次啟動監聽，啟動成功。
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:50:59 Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 15-NOV-2017 20:51:00 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully
至次問題解決。
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