怎么用Java語言實現Base64編碼

小編給大家分享一下怎么用Java語言實現Base64編碼，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后都有所收獲，下面讓我們一起去探討吧！

import java.io.*;

public class MIMEBase64 {
/*
這是個簡單的Base64編碼程序
作者：Roc Chen rocanny@163.com
Base64 使用US-ASCII子集的65個字符, 每個字符用6位表示
因此"m"的Base64值為38, 二進制形式是 100110.

對于文本串，編碼過程如下。例如"men":

先轉成US-ASCII值.

"m"十進制 109
"e"十進制 101
"n"十進制 110

二進制 :

m 01101101
e 01100101
n 01101110

三個8位連起來是24位
011011010110010101101110

然后分成4個6位
011011 010110 010101 101110

現在得到4個值，十進制為
27 22 21 46

對應的 Base64 字符是 :
b W V u

編碼總是基于3個字符，從而產生4個Base64字符。
如果只剩1或2個字符，使用特殊字符"="補齊Base64的4字。
如，編碼"me"

01101101 01100101
0110110101100101
011011 010110 0101
111111 (與，補足6位)
011011 010110 010100
b W U
b W U = ("=" 補足4字符)

于是 "bWU=" 就是"me"的Base64值.

再如編碼 "m"

01101101
011011 01
111111
011011 010000
b Q = =
于是 "bQ==" 就是"m"的Base64值.

值得注意的是，MIME規定一行最多76個字符.

*/

static String BaseTable[] = {
"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P",
"Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z","a","b","c","d","e","f",
"g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v",
"w","x","y","z","0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","+","/"
};


public static void encode(String filename, BufferedWriter out) {
try {
File f = new File(filename);
FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(filename);

// 讀文件到BYTE數組
byte bytes[] = new byte[(int)(f.length())];
int n = fin.read(bytes);

if (n < 1) return; // 沒有內容

byte buf[] = new byte[4]; // base64 字符數組

int n3byt = n / 3; // 3 bytes 組數
int nrest = n % 3; // 分組后剩余 bytes
int k = n3byt * 3; //
int linelength = 0; // 行長
int i = 0; // 指針

// 3-bytes 分組 ...
while ( i < k ) {
buf[0] = (byte)(( bytes[i] & 0xFC) >> 2);
buf[1] = (byte)(((bytes[i] & 0x03) << 4) |
((bytes[i+1] & 0xF0) >> 4));
buf[2] = (byte)(((bytes[i+1] & 0x0F) << 2) |
((bytes[i+2] & 0xC0) >> 6));
buf[3] = (byte)( bytes[i+2] & 0x3F);
send(out, BaseTable[buf[0]]);
send(out, BaseTable[buf[1]]);
send(out, BaseTable[buf[2]]);
send(out, BaseTable[buf[3]]);
/*
以上代碼可以優化，但會難以理解
buf[0]= (byte)(b[i] >> 2);
buf[1]= (byte)(((b[i] & 0x03) << 4)|(b[i+1]>> 4));
buf[2]= (byte)(((b[i+1] & 0x0F)<< 2)|(b[i+2]>> 6));
buf[3]= (byte)(b[i+2] & 0x3F);
send(out,BaseTable[buf[0]]+BaseTable[buf[1]]+
BaseTable[buf[2]]+BaseTable[buf[3]]);
*/

if ((linelength += 4) >= 76) {
send(out, " ");
linelength = 0;
}
i += 3;
}

// 處理尾部 ...
if (nrest==2) {
// 2 bytes left
buf[0] = (byte)(( bytes[k] & 0xFC) >> 2);
buf[1] = (byte)(((bytes[k] & 0x03) << 4) |
((bytes[k+1] & 0xF0) >> 4));
buf[2] = (byte)(( bytes[k+1] & 0x0F) << 2);
}
else if (nrest==1) {
// 1 byte left
buf[0] = (byte)((bytes[k] & 0xFC) >> 2);
buf[1] = (byte)((bytes[k] & 0x03) << 4);
}
if (nrest > 0) {
// 發送尾部
if ((linelength += 4) >= 76) send(out, " ");
send(out, BaseTable[buf[0]]);
send(out, BaseTable[buf[1]]);
//
if (nrest==2) {
send(out, BaseTable[buf[2]]);
}
else {
send(out, "=");
}
send(out, "=");
}
out.flush();
//這里用到的send方法，請大家根據需要，自己寫。可以是把結果輸出到控制臺，或發送郵件。
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}　

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