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這篇文章主要介紹在linux6上如何安裝vertica列式數據庫，文中介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！
dbadmin—Administrative user
verticadba—Group for DBA users
集群節點之間的dbadmin用戶要配置互信。
集群節點之間用戶名和密碼要相同。
Dbadmin用戶的shell環境設置為/bin/bash，因為vertica所有的shell腳本要在bash shell環境下執行。
提供讀寫執行權限對下面的目錄：
/opt/vertica/*
/home/dbadmin
指定存儲catalog files的目錄和data files的目錄。Catalog和data files存放路徑應該分開，不應存放在一起。Catalog的存放目錄要在集群內所有節點保持一致。而且節點之間注意不要用共享目錄存放這兩類文件。
Disk Space Requirements for Vertica
單節點和集群的網絡配置都是一樣的，只有一種情況是例外的。如果安裝時使用了localhost和回環地址（127.0.0.1），那么只能是單節點使用。后續無法添加節點變成集群。
必須能夠使用ssh協議登錄。
Port | Protocol | Service | Notes |
7 | TCP | Management Console | Required by Management Console to discover Vertica nodes. |
22 | TCP | sshd | Required by Administration Tools and the Management Console Cluster Installation wizard. |
5433 | TCP | Vertica | Vertica client (vsql, ODBC, JDBC, etc) port. |
5434 | TCP | Vertica | Intra- and inter-cluster communication. Vertica opens the Vertica client port +1 (5434 by default) for intra-cluster communication, such as during a plan. If the port +1 from the default client port is not available, then Vertica opens a random port for intra-cluster communication. |
5433 | UDP | Vertica | Vertica spread monitoring. |
5444 | TCP | Vertica | MC-to-node and node-to-node (agent) communications port. See Changing MC or Agent Ports. |
5450 | TCP | Vertica | Port used to connect to MC from a web browser and allows communication from nodes to the MC application/web server. See Connecting to Management Console. |
4803 | TCP | Spread | Client connections. |
4803 | UDP | Spread | Daemon to Daemon connections. |
4804 | UDP | Spread | Daemon to Daemon connections. |
6543 | UDP | Spread | Monitor to Daemon connection. |
Rhel6/centos6
# service iptables save
# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off
# service ip6tables save
# service ip6tables stop
# chkconfig ip6tables off
General Operating System Configuration - Automatically Configured by the Installer
General Operating System Configuration - Manual Configuration
System User Configuration
openssh—Required for Administration Tools connectivity between nodes.
which—Required for Vertica operating system integration and for validating installations.
dialog—Required for interactivity with Administration Tools.
# yum install openssh
# yum install which
# yum install dialog
如果沒有設置TZ變量，安裝會報錯S0305.
These general Operating System settings are automatically made by the installer if they do not meet Vertica requirements. You can prevent the installer from automatically making these configuration changes by using the--no-system-configurationparameter for theinstall_verticascript.
下面這些參數如果不滿足vertica需求，那么會在安裝的時候自動修改。如果不想被自動修改的話，可以用--no-system-configuration參數跳過。
sysctl
Nice Limits Configuration
min_free_kbytes Setting
User Max Open Files Limit
System Max Open Files Limit
Pam Limits
pid_max Setting
User Address Space Limits
User File Size Limit
User Process Limit
Maximum Memory Maps Configuration
The following general Operating System settings must be done manually.
Manually Configuring Operating System Settings
Check for Swappiness
Disk Readahead
Enabling Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Enabling chrony or ntpd for Red Hat 7/CentOS 7 Systems
SELinux Configuration
CPU Frequency Scaling
Enabling or Disabling Transparent Hugepages
Disabling Defrag for Red Hat and CentOS Systems
I/O Scheduling
Support Tools
隨便裝個測試環境玩玩，很多沒細細考究。
操作系統版本：
[root@ verticatest ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago) Release: 6.4 Codename: Santiago |
操作系統時區：
[root@verticatest ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/clock ZONE="Asia/Shanghai" |
安裝rpm包：
[root@verticatest ~]# yum install openssh ntp which dialog –y [root@verticatest ~]# service ntpd restart Shutting down ntpd: [FAILED] Starting ntpd: [ OK ] [root@verticatest ~]# chkconfig ntpd on |
防火墻權限：
service iptables save service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off service ip6tables save service ip6tables stop chkconfig ip6tables off |
Selinux設置：
[root@verticatest ~]# more /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@verticatest ~]#setenforce 0 setenforce: SELinux is disabled |
其他配置：
echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag echo no > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/defrag echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness /sbin/blockdev --setra 8192 /dev/sda |
Ssh配置
LoginGraceTime 0 [root@verticatest ~]# service sshd reload Reloading sshd: |
創建用戶：
[root@verticatest ~]#groupadd -g 601 verticadba [root@verticatest ~]# useradd -u 601 -g 601 dbadmin [root@verticatest ~]#mkdir -p /home/dbadmin/data^C [root@verticatest ~]# echo oracle|passwd --stdin dbadmin Changing password for user dbadmin. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@ verticatest ~]# su - dbadmin [dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ mkdir -p /home/dbadmin/data [dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ mkdir -p /home/dbadmin/catalog
[dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ more .bash_profile # .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH export TZ="Asia/Shanghai" [dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ . .bash_profile [dbadmin@ verticatest ~]$ echo $TZ Asia/Shanghai |
安裝數據庫軟件：
[root@verticatest ~]# /opt/vertica/sbin/install_vertica --hosts 192.168.117.4 --rpm /root/vertica-8.0.0-0.x86_64.RHEL6.rpm --dba-user dbadmin Vertica Analytic Database 8.0.0-0 Installation Tool
>> Validating options...
Mapping hostnames in --hosts (-s) to addresses...
>> Starting installation tasks. >> Getting system information for cluster (this may take a while)...
Default shell on nodes: 192.168.117.4 /bin/bash
>> Validating software versions (rpm or deb)...
>> Beginning new cluster creation...
successfully backed up admintools.conf on 192.168.117.4
>> Creating or validating DB Admin user/group...
Successful on hosts (1): 192.168.117.4 Provided DB Admin account details: user = dbadmin, group = verticadba, home = /home/dbadmin Creating group... Group already exists Validating group... Okay Creating user... User already exists Validating user... Okay
>> Validating node and cluster prerequisites...
System prerequisites passed. Threshold = WARN
>> Establishing DB Admin SSH connectivity...
Installing/Repairing SSH keys for dbadmin
>> Setting up each node and modifying cluster...
Creating Vertica Data Directory...
Updating agent... Creating node node0001 definition for host 192.168.117.4 ... Done
>> Sending new cluster configuration to all nodes...
Starting agent...
>> Completing installation...
Running upgrade logic No spread upgrade required: /opt/vertica/config/vspread.conf not found on any node Installation complete.
Please evaluate your hardware using Vertica's validation tools: https://my.vertica.com/docs/8.0.x/HTML/index.htm#cshid=VALSCRIPT
To create a database: 1. Logout and login as dbadmin. (see note below) 2. Run /opt/vertica/bin/adminTools as dbadmin 3. Select Create Database from the Configuration Menu
Note: Installation may have made configuration changes to dbadmin that do not take effect until the next session (logout and login).
To add or remove hosts, select Cluster Management from the Advanced Menu.
|
創建數據庫：
[dbadmin@verticatest ~]$ /opt/vertica/bin/admintools
企業版要指定license file的位置，社區版直接確定ok。
上下鍵選擇，tab鍵選擇下面的OK，cancel和help。
上下鍵選到第二行，空格建選中，tab鍵選中ok，按回車鍵。
選擇6 configuration menu
選擇1 Create database：
輸入數據庫的名字和db的注釋：
輸入口令：
確認口令：
選擇catalog和data文件路徑：
k-safe是vertica數據庫集群的高可用等級：
創建過程：
*** Creating database: firstvdb *** Creating database firstvdb Starting bootstrap node v_firstvdb_node0001 (192.168.117.4) Starting nodes: v_firstvdb_node0001 (192.168.117.4) Starting Vertica on all nodes. Please wait, databases with large catalog may take a while to initialize. Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN) Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN) Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN) Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (DOWN) Node Status: v_firstvdb_node0001: (UP) Automatically installing extension packages Package: flextable Success: package flextable successfully installed Package: approximate Success: package approximate successfully installed Package: hdfsconnector Success: package hdfsconnector successfully installed Package: AWS Success: package AWS successfully installed Package: logsearch Success: package logsearch successfully installed Package: txtindex Success: package txtindex successfully installed Package: MachineLearning Success: package MachineLearning successfully installed Package: idol Success: package idol successfully installed Package: kafka Success: package kafka successfully installed Package: place Success: package place successfully installed
|
連接數據庫：
[dbadmin@verticatest ~]$ vsql -h 192.168.117.4 -U dbadmin Password: Welcome to vsql, the Vertica Analytic Database interactive terminal.
Type: \h or \? for help with vsql commands \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query \q to quit
dbadmin=>
這里也可以用本地回環地址。 |
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