DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE用于特殊情況下的恢復

一般如下:系統崩潰,rman使用控制文件,沒有使用控制文件自動備份,現在僅有最后一次全備(備份中包括控制文件),以及其增量備份,規檔備份.
通常這種情況下不能使用常規RMAN來恢復，因為此全備份中備份的控制文件中沒有包含本次的備份信息，rman使用控制文件備份的時候是先備份控制文件
后備份其它信息

背景知識
在Oracle 816 以后的版本中,Oracle提供了一個包:DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE 包是由dbmsbkrs.sql 和 prvtbkrs.plb 這兩個腳本創建的.catproc.sql 腳本運行后會調用這兩個包.所以是每個數據庫都有的這個包是Oracle服務器和操作系統之間IO操作的接口.由恢復管理器直接調用。而且據說這兩個腳本的功能是內建到Oracle的一些庫文件中的.

由此可見，我們可以在數據庫 nomount 情況下調用這些package ,來達到我們的恢復目的。在dbmsbkrs.sql 和prvtbkrs.plb 這兩個腳本中有詳細的說明文檔

關鍵的內容有：

FUNCTION 　deviceAllocate(
　　　　　　 type IN varchar2 default NULL
　　　　　　,name IN varchar2 default NULL
　　　　　　,ident IN varchar2 default NULL
　　　　　　,noio IN boolean default FALSE
　　　　　　,params IN varchar2 default NULL )
RETURN varchar2;

PROCEDURE restoreControlfileTo(cfname IN varchar2);

PROCEDURE restoreDataFileTo( dfnumber IN binary_integer
,toname IN varchar2 default NULL);

SQL>startup force nomount;
SQL>
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
--分配一個device channel，如果使用的操作系統文件，type就為空，如果是從磁帶上恢復要用 "sbt_tape"； 
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'t1'); 
--指明開始restore
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
--指出待恢復文件目標存儲位置；
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETCONTROL01.CTL');
--sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETCONTROL02.CTL');
--sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreControlfileTo(cfname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETCONTROL03.CTL');
--指定備份集的位置
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'D:ORA9I6095222264.RMAN', params=>null);
--釋放通道
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;

可以通過該語句得到file#和name的對應關系
select 'sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>' || file# ||
',toname=>' ||chr(39)|| name ||chr(39) || ');',
'sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>' || file# ||
',toname=>' ||chr(39)|| name ||chr(39) || ');'
from v$datafile; 

在nomount狀態下執行以下語句
恢復0級備份的語句
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>1,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETSYSTEM01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>2,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETUNDOTBS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>3,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETCWMLITE01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>4,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETDRSYS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>5,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETEXAMPLE01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>6,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETINDX01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>7,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETODM01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>8,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETTOOLS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>9,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETUSERS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>10,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETXDB01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>11,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETBJIC.ORA');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>12,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETPM_USERS.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'D:ORA9I6095222264.RMAN', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
恢復增量備份的語句
DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>1,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETSYSTEM01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>2,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETUNDOTBS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>3,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETCWMLITE01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>4,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETDRSYS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>5,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETEXAMPLE01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>6,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETINDX01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>7,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETODM01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>8,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETTOOLS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>9,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETUSERS01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>10,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETXDB01.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>11,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETBJIC.ORA');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applySetDatafile(dfnumber=>12,toname=>'D:ORACLEORADATAFENETPM_USERS.DBF');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.applyBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'D:ORA9I6095222264.L1', params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate
END;

恢復歸檔日志archive log文件

SQL>DECLARE
devtype varchar2(256);
done boolean;
BEGIN
devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'',ident=>'T1');
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetArchivedLog;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreArchivedLogRange;
sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'D:ORA9I6095222264.arc',params=>null);
sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END

mount數據庫
SQL> alter database mount;
恢復數據庫到某一時間點
SQL> >recover database until time '2006-12-14 10:00:00';
啟動數據庫
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;