CentOS7.5啟動sqlplus失敗的解決方法

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操作系統：CentOS 7.5

數據庫：Oracle 11.2.0.4

sqlplus突然無法啟動，報錯信息如下：

Error 5 initializing SQL*Plus

NLS initialization error

初步判斷是nls編碼文件讀取失敗導致sqlplus無法啟動。用strace跟蹤sqlplus的執行過程：

[oracle@node3 ~]$ strace -t -e trace=file sqlplus

10:30:16 execve("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/bin/sqlplus", ["sqlplus"], [/* 29 vars */]) = 0

10:30:16 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/tls/x86_64/libsqlplus.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e460) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/tls/libsqlplus.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/tls", 0x7ffd81e7e460) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/x86_64/libsqlplus.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e460) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libsqlplus.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libnnz11.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/tls/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/tls/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/tls", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib32", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/tls/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/tls/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/lib/tls", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/lib/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0555, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/tls/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/usr/lib/tls", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/x86_64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/usr/lib/x86_64", 0x7ffd81e7e3d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 stat("/usr/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0555, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0

10:30:16 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/usr/lib/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/lib64/libaio.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libsqlplusic.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libociicus.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/lib/libociei.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/nls/data/lx1boot.nlb", O_RDONLY) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/nls/data/lx00001.nlb", O_RDONLY) = 3

10:30:16 open("/opt/app/oracle/product/11g/nls/data/lx20354.nlb", O_RDONLY) = 3

Error 5 initializing SQL*Plus

NLS initialization error

10:30:16 +++ exited with 1 +++

可看到是在讀取lx20354.nlb文件候，導致sqlplus退出。查看此文件：

[oracle@node3 data]$ ll /opt/app/oracle/product/11g/nls/data/lx20354.nlb

ls: cannot access /opt/app/oracle/product/11g/nls/data/lx20354.nlb: No such file or directory

發現此文件竟然丟失了。因此可斷定，是編碼文件lx20354.nlb的丟失導致了sqlplus啟動失敗。

解決方案：

 從運行正常的同版本實例中拷貝丟失的文件并放到相應目錄下即可解決問題。

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