SpringBoot添加Email發送功能及常見異常詳解

發布時間：2020-08-19 23:01:52 來源：腳本之家閱讀：355 作者：loongshawn 欄目：編程語言

1、完整的郵件發送代碼

1.1、依賴包

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-support</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.8</version>
      <exclusions> 
        <exclusion> 
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>          
        </exclusion> 
      </exclusions>              
</dependency>
<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
      <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>

主要用到了兩個jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar.

1.2、郵件發送類

package com.autonavi.utils;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import com.autonavi.constants.Constant;

public class EmailUtils {

  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmailUtils.class);

  public static boolean sendHtmlMail(String subject,String content,String receiver){

    boolean result = true;

    try{
      JavaMailSenderImpl senderImpl = new JavaMailSenderImpl(); 

      // 設定mail server 
      senderImpl.setHost("smtp.abcdefg.com"); 
      senderImpl.setPort(345);
      senderImpl.setUsername(Constant.email);               // 根據自己的情況,設置發件郵箱地址 
      senderImpl.setPassword(Constant.email_password);          // 根據自己的情況, 設置password 
      senderImpl.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
      Properties prop = new Properties(); 
      prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");                 // 將這個參數設為true，讓服務器進行認證,認證用戶名和密碼是否正確 
      prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
      prop.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
      senderImpl.setJavaMailProperties(prop); 

      // 建立郵件消息,發送簡單郵件和html郵件的區別 
      MimeMessage mailMessage = senderImpl.createMimeMessage(); 
      MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage); 

      // 設置收件人，寄件人 
      messageHelper.setTo(receiver); 
      messageHelper.setFrom(Constant.email); 
      messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
      // true 表示啟動HTML格式的郵件 
      messageHelper.setText(content,true); 

      // 發送郵件 
      senderImpl.send(mailMessage); 
    } catch (MessagingException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      result = false;
      logger.info("EmailUtils.method [sendHtmlMail]: email send result-" + result +",error message-" + e);
    }

    return result;
  }

}

以上設置中，有幾個點需要注意：

第一點：

senderImpl.setUsername(Constant.email); 
senderImpl.setPassword(Constant.email_password);

上面兩個方法是用來設置發件的郵箱，郵箱地址要寫全，如aba@abc.com。

如果設置得不對，會提示權限錯誤。

第二點：

senderImpl.setDefaultEncoding(“UTF-8”);

這個一定記得設置，否則會郵件發出去會是下面這種結果。

SpringBoot添加Email發送功能及常見異常詳解

第三點：

Properties prop = new Properties(); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.auth”, “true”); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.ssl.enable”, “true”); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.socketFactory.class”, “javax.NET.ssl.SSLSocketFactory”); 
senderImpl.setJavaMailProperties(prop);

一定要記得配置Properties，且上述配置缺一不可，如果沒配置，大家會看見各種奇怪的異常。

1.3、郵件正文處理，使用HTML模版

下面的getHtmlStr()方法用來將待發送的內容處理為HTML模版。

public static String getHtmlStr(JSONArray data,String receiver,int day){

    JSONObject json = data.getJSONObject(0);
    String title = json.getString("task_tittle");
    // NO.1、獲取收件人名
    String receiverName = getEmailStr(receiver);
    // NO.2、獲取郵件表格
    String emailTable = getTableStr(data);
    // NO.3、獲取郵件時間
    String emailDate = Date2Str.getCurrentDate2();

    String html = "<html><head></head><body>"
          + "<p>" +receiverName+" 您好,</p>"
          + "<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;生產日程-<font size=\"4\" color=\"#FF0000\" face=\"Verdana\" >"+title+"</font>中的下列任務將于<font size=\"4\" color=\"#FF0000\" face=\"Verdana\" >"+day+"</font>天后開始啟動，請關注:</p>"
          + "<div style=\"padding-left:20px\">"
          + "<table border=\"1px\" cellspacing=\"0px\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">"
          + "<tr>"
          + "<td>任務名</td><td>啟動時間</td><td>結束時間</td>"
          + "</tr>"
          + emailTable
          + "</table></div>"
          + "<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;每項任務的詳細情況,請登陸 "
          + "<a href=\"http://100.78.205.244:8080\"><font size=\"4\" color=\"#FF0000\">項目綜合管理&評價系統</font></a> 查看!</p>"
          + "<p>項目綜合管理&評價系統</br>"+emailDate+"</p>"
          + "</body></html>";

    return html;
  }

應用改模版后，發出的郵件顯示效果如下：

SpringBoot添加Email發送功能及常見異常詳解

至于具體業務場景，你想定義什么樣的模版都行。

2、常見異常

503異常

2016-04-13-16-48 [scheduler-3] [org.springframework.scheduling.support.TaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler] [ERROR] - Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task.
 org.springframework.mail.MailSendException; nested exception details (1) are:
Failed message 1:
javax.mail.SendFailedException: Invalid Addresses;
 nested exception is:
  com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPAddressFailedException: 503 RCPT account isn't a local account

  at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.rcptTo(SMTPTransport.java:1862)
  at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:1118)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:388)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:332)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:328)
  at com.autonavi.utils.EmailUtils.sendHtmlMail(EmailUtils.java:50)
  at com.autonavi.method.gaokuai.IssueForward.action(IssueForward.java:81)
  at com.autonavi.task.ScheduledTasks.executeAutoAssignTask(ScheduledTasks.java:121)
  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.support.ScheduledMethodRunnable.run(ScheduledMethodRunnable.java:65)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.support.DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.run(DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.java:54)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ReschedulingRunnable.run(ReschedulingRunnable.java:81)
  at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
  at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
  at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$201(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:178)
  at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:292)
  at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
  at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPAddressFailedException: 503 RCPT account isn't a local account

  at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.rcptTo(SMTPTransport.java:1715)
  ... 21 more

如果運行過程中報上述異常，請再次核對收發郵件的郵箱賬號是否有效。

3、總結

SpringBoot郵件發送主要是利用已封裝好的兩個jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar，使得配置郵件發送不再復雜。

以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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