您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
本篇文章為大家展示了如何在Spring Boot中利用JWT進行接口認證,內容簡明扼要并且容易理解,絕對能使你眼前一亮,通過這篇文章的詳細介紹希望你能有所收獲。
jwt(json web token)
用戶發送按照約定,向服務端發送 Header、Payload 和 Signature,并包含認證信息(密碼),驗證通過后服務端返回一個token,之后用戶使用該token作為登錄憑證,適合于移動端和api
jwt使用流程
1、添加依賴庫jjwt,本文中構造jwt及解析jwt都使用了jjwt庫
<dependency> <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId> <version>0.6.0</version> </dependency>
2、添加登錄獲取token時,所需要的認證信息類LoginPara.Java
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt; public class LoginPara { private String clientId; private String userName; private String password; private String captchaCode; private String captchaValue; public String getClientId() { return clientId; } public void setClientId(String clientId) { this.clientId = clientId; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getCaptchaCode() { return captchaCode; } public void setCaptchaCode(String captchaCode) { this.captchaCode = captchaCode; } public String getCaptchaValue() { return captchaValue; } public void setCaptchaValue(String captchaValue) { this.captchaValue = captchaValue; } }
3、添加構造jwt及解析jwt的幫助類JwtHelper.java
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt; import java.security.Key; import java.util.Date; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter; import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims; import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder; import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts; import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm; public class JwtHelper { public static Claims parseJWT(String jsonWebToken, String base64Security){ try { Claims claims = Jwts.parser() .setSigningKey(DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(base64Security)) .parseClaimsJws(jsonWebToken).getBody(); return claims; } catch(Exception ex) { return null; } } public static String createJWT(String name, String userId, String role, String audience, String issuer, long TTLMillis, String base64Security) { SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256; long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis(); Date now = new Date(nowMillis); //生成簽名密鑰 byte[] apiKeySecretBytes = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(base64Security); Key signingKey = new SecretKeySpec(apiKeySecretBytes, signatureAlgorithm.getJcaName()); //添加構成JWT的參數 JwtBuilder builder = Jwts.builder().setHeaderParam("typ", "JWT") .claim("role", role) .claim("unique_name", name) .claim("userid", userId) .setIssuer(issuer) .setAudience(audience) .signWith(signatureAlgorithm, signingKey); //添加Token過期時間 if (TTLMillis >= 0) { long expMillis = nowMillis + TTLMillis; Date exp = new Date(expMillis); builder.setExpiration(exp).setNotBefore(now); } //生成JWT return builder.compact(); } }
4、添加token返回結果類AccessToken.java
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt; public class AccessToken { private String access_token; private String token_type; private long expires_in; public String getAccess_token() { return access_token; } public void setAccess_token(String access_token) { this.access_token = access_token; } public String getToken_type() { return token_type; } public void setToken_type(String token_type) { this.token_type = token_type; } public long getExpires_in() { return expires_in; } public void setExpires_in(long expires_in) { this.expires_in = expires_in; } }
5、添加獲取token的接口,通過傳入用戶認證信息(用戶名、密碼)進行認證獲取
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.bean.UserInfo; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.repository.UserInfoRepository; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils.MyUtils; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils.ResultMsg; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils.ResultStatusCode; @RestController public class JsonWebToken { @Autowired private UserInfoRepository userRepositoy; @Autowired private Audience audienceEntity; @RequestMapping("oauth/token") public Object getAccessToken(@RequestBody LoginPara loginPara) { ResultMsg resultMsg; try { if(loginPara.getClientId() == null || (loginPara.getClientId().compareTo(audienceEntity.getClientId()) != 0)) { resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.INVALID_CLIENTID.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.INVALID_CLIENTID.getErrmsg(), null); return resultMsg; } //驗證碼校驗在后面章節添加 //驗證用戶名密碼 UserInfo user = userRepositoy.findUserInfoByName(loginPara.getUserName()); if (user == null) { resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.INVALID_PASSWORD.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.INVALID_PASSWORD.getErrmsg(), null); return resultMsg; } else { String md5Password = MyUtils.getMD5(loginPara.getPassword()+user.getSalt()); if (md5Password.compareTo(user.getPassword()) != 0) { resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.INVALID_PASSWORD.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.INVALID_PASSWORD.getErrmsg(), null); return resultMsg; } } //拼裝accessToken String accessToken = JwtHelper.createJWT(loginPara.getUserName(), String.valueOf(user.getName()), user.getRole(), audienceEntity.getClientId(), audienceEntity.getName(), audienceEntity.getExpiresSecond() * 1000, audienceEntity.getBase64Secret()); //返回accessToken AccessToken accessTokenEntity = new AccessToken(); accessTokenEntity.setAccess_token(accessToken); accessTokenEntity.setExpires_in(audienceEntity.getExpiresSecond()); accessTokenEntity.setToken_type("bearer"); resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.OK.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.OK.getErrmsg(), accessTokenEntity); return resultMsg; } catch(Exception ex) { resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.SYSTEM_ERR.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.SYSTEM_ERR.getErrmsg(), null); return resultMsg; } } }
6、添加使用jwt認證的filter
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.filter; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.Filter; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt.Audience; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt.JwtHelper; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils.ResultMsg; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils.ResultStatusCode; public class HTTPBearerAuthorizeAttribute implements Filter{ @Autowired private Audience audienceEntity; @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(this, filterConfig.getServletContext()); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub ResultMsg resultMsg; HttpServletRequest httpRequest = (HttpServletRequest)request; String auth = httpRequest.getHeader("Authorization"); if ((auth != null) && (auth.length() > 7)) { String HeadStr = auth.substring(0, 6).toLowerCase(); if (HeadStr.compareTo("bearer") == 0) { auth = auth.substring(7, auth.length()); if (JwtHelper.parseJWT(auth, audienceEntity.getBase64Secret()) != null) { chain.doFilter(request, response); return; } } } HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response; httpResponse.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); httpResponse.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8"); httpResponse.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); resultMsg = new ResultMsg(ResultStatusCode.INVALID_TOKEN.getErrcode(), ResultStatusCode.INVALID_TOKEN.getErrmsg(), null); httpResponse.getWriter().write(mapper.writeValueAsString(resultMsg)); return; } @Override public void destroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } }
7、在入口處注冊filter
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.filter.HTTPBasicAuthorizeAttribute; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.filter.HTTPBearerAuthorizeAttribute; import com.xiaofangtech.sunt.jwt.Audience; @SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigurationProperties(Audience.class) public class SpringRestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringRestApplication.class, args); } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean basicFilterRegistrationBean() { FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); HTTPBasicAuthorizeAttribute httpBasicFilter = new HTTPBasicAuthorizeAttribute(); registrationBean.setFilter(httpBasicFilter); List<String> urlPatterns = new ArrayList<String>(); urlPatterns.add("/user/getuser"); registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urlPatterns); return registrationBean; } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean jwtFilterRegistrationBean(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); HTTPBearerAuthorizeAttribute httpBearerFilter = new HTTPBearerAuthorizeAttribute(); registrationBean.setFilter(httpBearerFilter); List<String> urlPatterns = new ArrayList<String>(); urlPatterns.add("/user/getusers"); registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urlPatterns); return registrationBean; } }
8、添加獲取md5的方法類MyUtils
package com.xiaofangtech.sunt.utils; import java.security.MessageDigest; public class MyUtils { public static String getMD5(String inStr) { MessageDigest md5 = null; try { md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return ""; } char[] charArray = inStr.toCharArray(); byte[] byteArray = new byte[charArray.length]; for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) byteArray[i] = (byte) charArray[i]; byte[] md5Bytes = md5.digest(byteArray); StringBuffer hexValue = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < md5Bytes.length; i++) { int val = ((int) md5Bytes[i]) & 0xff; if (val < 16) hexValue.append("0"); hexValue.append(Integer.toHexString(val)); } return hexValue.toString(); } }
9、在返回信息類中補充添加錯誤碼
INVALID_CLIENTID(30003, "Invalid clientid"), INVALID_PASSWORD(30004, "User name or password is incorrect"), INVALID_CAPTCHA(30005, "Invalid captcha or captcha overdue"), INVALID_TOKEN(30006, "Invalid token");
10、代碼中涉及的Audience類,在上一篇文章中定義,本文不再重復說明
11、代碼整體結構
上述內容就是如何在Spring Boot中利用JWT進行接口認證,你們學到知識或技能了嗎?如果還想學到更多技能或者豐富自己的知識儲備,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
免責聲明:本站發布的內容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創、轉載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網站立場,如果涉及侵權請聯系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關證據,一經查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權內容。