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小編這次要給大家分享的是如何實現Springboot過濾器禁止ip頻繁訪問功能，文章內容豐富，感興趣的小伙伴可以來了解一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后能夠有所收獲。
在開發 Web 項目的時候，經常需要過濾器來處理一些請求，包括字符集轉換什么的，記錄請求日志什么的等等。在之前的 Web 開發中，我們習慣把過濾器配置到 web.xml 中，但是在 SpringBoot 中，兵沒有這個配置文件，該如何操作呢？
1.編寫一個過濾器：
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
@Slf4j
@WebFilter(urlPatterns="/dyflight/*")
public class IpFilter implements Filter{
/**
* 默認限制時間（單位：ms）3600000,3600(s),
*/
private static final long LIMITED_TIME_MILLIS = 10 * 1000;
/**
* 用戶連續訪問最高閥值，超過該值則認定為惡意操作的IP，進行限制
*/
private static final int LIMIT_NUMBER = 5;
/**
* 用戶訪問最小安全時間，在該時間內如果訪問次數大于閥值，則記錄為惡意IP，否則視為正常訪問
*/
private static final int MIN_SAFE_TIME = 5000;
private FilterConfig config;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
this.config = filterConfig; //設置屬性filterConfig
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see javax.servlet.Filter#doFilter(javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse, javax.servlet.FilterChain)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
ServletContext context = config.getServletContext();
// 獲取限制IP存儲器：存儲被限制的IP信息
//Map<String, Long> limitedIpMap = (Map<String, Long>) context.getAttribute("limitedIpMap");
ConcurrentHashMap<String ,Long> limitedIpMap = (ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long>) context.getAttribute("limitedIpMap");
// 過濾受限的IP
filterLimitedIpMap(limitedIpMap);
// 獲取用戶IP
String ip = IPUtil.getRemoteIpAddr(request);
System.err.println("ip:"+ip);
// 判斷是否是被限制的IP，如果是則跳到異常頁面
if (isLimitedIP(limitedIpMap, ip)) {
long limitedTime = limitedIpMap.get(ip) - System.currentTimeMillis();
// 剩余限制時間(用為從毫秒到秒轉化的一定會存在些許誤差，但基本可以忽略不計)
request.setAttribute("remainingTime", ((limitedTime / 1000) + (limitedTime % 1000 > 0 ? 1 : 0)));
System.err.println("ip訪問過于頻繁："+ip);
throw new RuntimeException("ip訪問過于頻繁");
}
// 獲取IP存儲器
ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long[]> ipMap = (ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long[]>) context.getAttribute("ipMap");
// 判斷存儲器中是否存在當前IP，如果沒有則為初次訪問，初始化該ip
// 如果存在當前ip，則驗證當前ip的訪問次數
// 如果大于限制閥值，判斷達到閥值的時間，如果不大于[用戶訪問最小安全時間]則視為惡意訪問，跳轉到異常頁面
if (ipMap.containsKey(ip)) {
Long[] ipInfo = ipMap.get(ip);
ipInfo[0] = ipInfo[0] + 1;
log.debug("當前第[" + (ipInfo[0]) + "]次訪問");
if (ipInfo[0] > LIMIT_NUMBER) {
Long ipAccessTime = ipInfo[1];
Long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.debug("ip訪問過于頻繁：currentTimeMillis: "+currentTimeMillis+" - ipAccessTime:"+ipAccessTime+" : " + (currentTimeMillis - ipAccessTime) + "<="+ MIN_SAFE_TIME);
if (currentTimeMillis - ipAccessTime <= MIN_SAFE_TIME) {
limitedIpMap.put(ip, currentTimeMillis + LIMITED_TIME_MILLIS);
request.setAttribute("remainingTime", LIMITED_TIME_MILLIS);
log.debug("ip訪問過于頻繁：LIMITED_TIME_MILLIS:"+LIMITED_TIME_MILLIS);
log.debug("ip訪問過于頻繁："+ip);
throw new RuntimeException("ip訪問過于頻繁");
} else {
initIpVisitsNumber(ipMap, ip);
}
}
} else {
initIpVisitsNumber(ipMap, ip);
System.out.println("您首次訪問該網站");
}
context.setAttribute("ipMap", ipMap);
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
/**
* @Description 過濾受限的IP，剔除已經到期的限制IP
* @param limitedIpMap
*/
private void filterLimitedIpMap(ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long> limitedIpMap) {
if (limitedIpMap == null) {
return;
}
Set<String> keys = limitedIpMap.keySet();
Iterator<String> keyIt = keys.iterator();
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
while (keyIt.hasNext()) {
long expireTimeMillis = limitedIpMap.get(keyIt.next());
log.debug("expireTimeMillis <= currentTimeMillis:"+ expireTimeMillis+" <="+ currentTimeMillis);
if (expireTimeMillis <= currentTimeMillis) {
keyIt.remove();
}
}
}
/**
* @Description 是否是被限制的IP
* @param limitedIpMap
* @param ip
* @return true : 被限制 | false : 正常
*/
private boolean isLimitedIP(ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long> limitedIpMap, String ip) {
if (limitedIpMap == null || ip == null) {
// 沒有被限制
return false;
}
Set<String> keys = limitedIpMap.keySet();
Iterator<String> keyIt = keys.iterator();
while (keyIt.hasNext()) {
String key = keyIt.next();
if (key.equals(ip)) {
// 被限制的IP
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* 初始化用戶訪問次數和訪問時間
*
* @param ipMap
* @param ip
*/
private void initIpVisitsNumber(ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long[]> ipMap, String ip) {
Long[] ipInfo = new Long[2];
ipInfo[0] = 0L;// 訪問次數
ipInfo[1] = System.currentTimeMillis();// 初次訪問時間
ipMap.put(ip, ipInfo);
}
}2. 創建一個監聽器：需要初始化倆個容器：
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
@Slf4j
@WebListener
public class MyApplicationListener implements ServletContextListener {
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
log.debug("liting: contextInitialized");
log.debug("MyApplicationListener初始化成功");
ServletContext context = sce.getServletContext();
// IP存儲器
ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long[]> ipMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
context.setAttribute("ipMap", ipMap);
// 限制IP存儲器：存儲被限制的IP信息
ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long> limitedIpMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long>();
context.setAttribute("limitedIpMap", limitedIpMap);
log.debug("ipmap："+ipMap.toString()+";limitedIpMap:"+limitedIpMap.toString()+"初始化成功。。。。。");
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}3.iputil
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class IPUtil {
public static String getRemoteIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
if("127.0.0.1".equals(ip)||"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip)){
//根據網卡取本機配置的IP
InetAddress inet=null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ip= inet.getHostAddress();
}
}
return ip;
}
}4配置
springboot啟動類中添加過濾器和監聽器的包掃描
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages="cn.xxx.common")
spring web.xml
過濾器
<filter>
<filter-name>ipFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.xxxx.common.filter.IpFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>ipFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/dyflight/**</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>監聽器：
<listener>
<listener-class>com.xxxx.common.Listener.MyApplicationListener</listener-class>
</listener>看完這篇關于如何實現Springboot過濾器禁止ip頻繁訪問功能的文章，如果覺得文章內容寫得不錯的話，可以把它分享出去給更多人看到。
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