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SOCKET WSAAPI socket(
_In_ int af,
_In_ int type,
_In_ int protocol
);
SOCKET WSASocket(
In int af,
In int type,
In int protocol,
In LPWSAPROTOCOL_INFO lpProtocolInfo,
In GROUP g,
In DWORD dwFlags
);
linux平臺上可以在利用socket()函數創建socket時指定創建的socket是異步的:
int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
在type的參數中設置SOCK_NONBLOCK標志即可,例如:
int s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_NONBLOCK, IPPROTO_TCP);
2. 另外,windows和linux平臺上accept()函數返回的socekt也是阻塞的,linux另外提供了一個accept4()函數,可以直接將返回的socket設置為非阻塞模式:
int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr addr, socklen_t addrlen);
int accept4(int sockfd, struct sockaddr addr, socklen_t addrlen, int flags);
只要將accept4()最后一個參數flags設置成SOCK_NONBLOCK即可。
3. 除了創建socket時,將socket設置成非阻塞模式,還可以通過以下API函數來設置:
linux平臺上可以調用fcntl()或者ioctl()函數,實例如下:
fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFL, 0) | O_NONBLOCK);
ioctl(sockfd, FIONBIO, 1); //1:非阻塞 0:阻塞
參考:?http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_9373fc760101i72a.html
但是網上也有文章說(文章鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/haoyu_linux/article/details/44306993),
linux下如果調用fcntl()設置socket為非阻塞模式,不僅要設置O_NONBLOCK模式,還需要在接收和發送數據時,需要使用MSG_DONTWAIT標志,即在recv,recvfrom和send,sendto數據時,將flag設置為MSG_DONTWAIT。是否有要進行這種雙重設定的必要,筆者覺得沒有這個必要。因為linux man手冊上recv()函數的說明中關于MSG_DONTWAIT說明如下:
Enables nonblocking operation; if the operation would block, the call fails with the error EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK (this can also be enabled using the O_NONBLOCK flag ?with?the F_SETFL fcntl(2)).
通過這段話我覺得要么通過設置recv()函數的flags標識位為MSG_DONTWAIT,要么通過fcntl()函數設置O_NONBLOCK標識,而不是要同時設定。
windows上可調用ioctlsocket函數:
int ioctlsocket(
In SOCKET s,
In long cmd,
Inout u_long *argp
);
將cmd參數設置為 FIONBIO,*argp=0即設置成阻塞模式,而*argp非0即可設置成非阻塞模式。但是windows平臺需要注意一個地方,如果你對一個socket調用了WSAAsyncSelect()或WSAEventSelect()函數后,你再調用ioctlsocket()函數將該socket設置為非阻塞模式,則會失敗,你必須先調用WSAAsyncSelect()通過設置lEvent參數為0或調用WSAEventSelect()通過設置lNetworkEvents參數為0來分別禁用WSAAsyncSelect()或WSAEventSelect()。再次調用ioctlsocket()將該socket設置成阻塞模式才會成功。因為調用WSAAsyncSelect()或WSAEventSelect()函數會自動將socket設置成非阻塞模式。msdn上的原話是:
The WSAAsyncSelect and WSAEventSelect functions automatically set a socket to nonblocking mode. If WSAAsyncSelect or WSAEventSelect has been issued on a socket, then any attempt to use ioctlsocket to set the socket back to blocking mode will fail with WSAEINVAL.
To set the socket back to blocking mode, an application must first disable WSAAsyncSelect by calling WSAAsyncSelect with the lEvent parameter equal to zero, or disable WSAEventSelect by calling WSAEventSelect with the lNetworkEvents parameter equal to zero.
網址:https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms738573(v=vs.85).aspx
4. 在看實際項目中以前一些前輩留下來的代碼中,通過在一個循環里面調用fcntl()或者ioctlsocket()函數來socket的非阻塞模式的,代碼如下:
for (;;)
{
#ifdef UNIX
on=1;
if (ioctlsocket(id, FIONBIO, (char *)&on) < 0)
#endif
#ifdef WIN32
unsigned long on_windows=1;
if (ioctlsocket(id, FIONBIO, &on_windows) < 0)
#endif
#ifdef VOS
int off=0;
if (ioctlsocket(id, FIONBIO, (char *)&off) <0)
#endif
{
if (GET_LAST_SOCK_ERROR() == EINTR)
continue;
RAISE_RUNTIME_ERROR("Can not set FIONBIO for socket");
closesocket(id);
return NULL;
}
break;
}
是否有必要這樣做,有待考證。
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