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1. 背景
有時候，需要統計一段代碼運行所用的時長，則可以用到下面的代碼。
2. 代碼示例
#!/usr/bin/env python
import datetime
import time
start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
time.sleep(5)
end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
delta = end_time - start_time
delta_gmtime = time.gmtime(delta.total_seconds())
duration_str = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", delta_gmtime)
print "start time:", start_time
print "end time:", end_time
print "delta_gmtime:", delta_gmtime
print "duration:", duration_str
運行效果：
flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ ./time_test.py start time: 2015-06-09 20:11:47.437286 end time: 2015-06-09 20:11:52.440018 delta_gmtime: time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=5, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0) duration: 00:00:05 flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$
3. 進一步優化
在上面的例子中，還是涉及到一些datetime細節。為此，可以進一步封裝。如下：
import datetime
import time
class TimeDuration(object):
'Time duration.'
def __init__(self):
pass
def start(self):
self.start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
self.end_time = None
def stop(self):
if self.start_time is None:
print "ERROR: start() must be called before stop()."
return
self.end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
def getDurationStr(self):
'String of duration with the format "%H:%M:%S".'
if self.start_time is None or self.end_time is None:
print "ERROR: start() and stop() must be called first.";
return
delta = self.end_time - self.start_time
delta_gmtime = time.gmtime(delta.total_seconds())
return time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", delta_gmtime)
調用示例：
flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ cat time_test2.py #!/usr/bin/env python import time import time_utils duration = time_utils.TimeDuration() duration.start() time.sleep(5) duration.stop() print duration.getDurationStr() flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$ ./time_test2.py 00:00:05 flying-bird@flyingbird:~/examples/python/time_test$
4. 小結
把一些不熟悉的python細節封裝起來，以后調用起來就會簡化很多。
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