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這篇文章主要講解了javascript實現貪吃蛇經典游戲的方法,內容清晰明了,對此有興趣的小伙伴可以學習一下,相信大家閱讀完之后會有幫助。
js面向對象編程之貪吃蛇,供大家參考,具體內容如下
首先:面向對象編程,我們要找到項目中具體的對象,此處為(食物(food),蛇(snake),游戲本身(game))也可不把游戲本身作為對象,邏輯體現出來即可。
接著分析每個對象的具體的屬性及方法:
1)food 對象:屬性有:位置,大小,顏色;方法有:渲染在頁面,隨機不同位置生成;
2)snake對象:屬性有:位置,大小,總節數(計分方便),顏色;方法有:渲染在頁面,移動(移動過程中判斷其它)。
3)game對象:游戲邏輯的編寫;
ok 開敲:
1)簡單的靜態頁面編寫(地圖)
(1)html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css" > <script src="js/food.js"></script> <script src="js/snake.js"></script> <script src="js/game.js"></script> <script src="js/main.js"></script> <title>貪吃蛇</title> </head> <body> <div class="map"></div> </body> </html>
(2)css(如果用邊框來作為限制的邊界,那么box-sizing屬性是必不可少的(以免食物和蛇頭坐標之間存在誤差))
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .map { position: relative; height: 600px; width: 800px; border: 1px solid #333; margin: 0 auto; /* 盒子模型去除邊框 */ box-sizing: border-box; }
2)food對象編寫(細節處含注釋)
//cwen加載頁面所有元素 window.addEventListener('load', function() { //cwen自調用函數,開啟一個新的作用域,避免命名沖突 (function() { //cwen定義全局變量 //實物數組 var elements = []; //cwen實物 function Food(options) { options = options || {}; this.x = options.x || 0; this.y = options.y || 0; this.width = options.width || 20; this.height = options.height || 20; this.color = options.color || 'yellow'; } //cwen隨機數函數 function getRandom(min, max) { return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min; } //cwen渲染 Food.prototype.render = function(map) { //刪除之前的食物 remove(); //todo動態創建div實物 var div = document.createElement('div'); map.appendChild(div); //把div添加給數組 elements.push(div); //todo隨機設置x,y的值(實物的位置)-----在map中生成隨機位置 // ! 值 = Math.floor(Math.random() * 可能值得總數 + 第一個可能的值) this.x = getRandom(0, map.offsetWidth / this.width - 1) * this.width; this.y = getRandom(0, map.offsetHeight / this.height - 1) * this.height; div.style.position = 'absolute'; div.style.left = this.x + 'px'; div.style.top = this.y + 'px'; div.style.width = this.width + 'px'; div.style.height = this.height + 'px'; div.style.backgroundColor = this.color; } function remove() { //為了刪除干凈,從索引最大的開始循環刪除 for (var i = elements.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { //刪除遍歷到的div elements[i].parentNode.removeChild(elements[i]); //刪除數組中的元素1)第幾個開始,2)要刪除個數 elements.splice(i, 1); } } //把Food開放出去 window.Food = Food; })() //cwen測試 // var map = document.querySelector('.map'); // var options = { x: 20, y: 20, width: 30, height: 30, color: 'green' }; // //todo不傳值默認為自定義food // var food = new Food(); // food.render(map); })
3)snake對象編寫()
window.addEventListener('load', function() { (function() { //記錄蛇的每一節 var elements = []; //cwen立即執行函數,開啟新的作用于,避免命名沖突 function Snake(options) { options = options || {}; //對象(蛇)每節的大小 this.width = options.width || 20; this.height = options.height || 20; //cwen蛇的總節數(計分) this.mark = options.mark || 0; //對象的移動方向 this.direction = options.direction || 'right'; //對象的身體(蛇節) this.kont = [{ x: 3, y: 2, color: 'red' }, { x: 2, y: 2, color: 'black' }, { x: 1, y: 2, color: 'black' }]; } //cwen渲染對象 Snake.prototype.render = function(map) { //移除之前的蛇 remove(); //循環輸出對象的身體(蛇節) for (var i = 0, len = this.kont.length; i < len; i++) { var obj = this.kont[i]; var div = document.createElement('div'); map.appendChild(div); //將蛇節添加入數組 elements.push(div); //添加樣式 div.style.position = 'absolute'; div.style.width = this.width + 'px'; div.style.height = this.height + 'px'; div.style.left = obj.x * this.width + 'px'; div.style.top = obj.y * this.height + 'px'; div.style.backgroundColor = obj.color; } } //cwen控制蛇移動的方法 //todo傳參food,map 在game中調用move方法也要傳入相應參數 Snake.prototype.move = function(food, map) { //控制蛇節的移動(當前蛇節到下一個蛇節的位置) for (var i = this.kont.length - 1; i > 0; i--) { this.kont[i].x = this.kont[i - 1].x; this.kont[i].y = this.kont[i - 1].y; } //判斷并控制蛇頭移動,判斷蛇頭移動方向 var head = this.kont[0]; switch (this.direction) { case 'right': head.x += 1; break; case 'left': head.x -= 1; break; case 'top': head.y -= 1; break; case 'bottom': head.y += 1; break; } //蛇頭碰到食物時處理 // cwen判斷蛇頭是否和食物坐標重合 var headX = head.x * this.width; var headY = head.y * this.height; if (headX == food.x && headY == food.y) { //1,增加蛇節(找到最后一根蛇節,然后添加給創建的蛇數組) var last = this.kont[this.kont.length - 1]; this.kont.push({ x: last.x, y: last.y, color: last.color }); //cwen求出蛇節的總個數(計分) var mark = this.mark++; //2,重新渲染食物 food.render(map); } } //刪除之前的蛇 function remove() { for (var i = elements.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { elements[i].parentNode.removeChild(elements[i]); elements.splice(i, 1); } } //把Snake構造函數暴露出去 window.Snake = Snake; })() //測試 // var map = document.querySelector('.map'); // var snake = new Snake(); // snake.render(map); })
4)game對象編寫,其中一個為無敵版(含細節注釋)
window.addEventListener('load', function() { (function() { //改變計時器內this指向 var that; function Game(map) { // var options = { x: 20, y: 20, width: 30, height: 30, color: 'green' }; this.food = new Food(); this.snake = new Snake(); this.map = map; that = this; } //cwen渲染 Game.prototype.start = function() { // 1.把食物和蛇渲染到頁面 this.food.render(this.map); this.snake.render(this.map); // 2.游戲邏輯編寫 //讓蛇動起來 //判斷地圖邊界 // runSnake(); //todo判斷玩法(兩種模式,原理一樣) goInput(); //通過鍵盤控制蛇頭方向 //! keydown(); //蛇頭碰到食物時處理 //在snake.js中判斷 } function goInput() { var it = prompt('try:\n 經典玩法請按1\n 無敵玩法請輸入(博主最帥)\n') if (it == 1) { runSnake(); keydown(); } else if (it == '博主最帥') { runSnake1(); keydown1(); } else { alert('you input could not be found!!!'); goInput(); } } //讓蛇動起來 function runSnake() { var timeId = setInterval(function() { // var a = mark; that.snake.move(that.food, that.map); that.snake.render(that.map); //判斷地圖邊界 var maxX = (that.map.offsetWidth) / that.snake.width; var maxY = (that.map.offsetHeight) / that.snake.height; var headX = that.snake.kont[0].x; var headY = that.snake.kont[0].y; if (headX < 0 || headX >= maxX) { alert('Game Over ' + '得分為 ' + that.snake.mark); clearInterval(timeId); } else if (headY < 0 || headY >= maxY) { alert('Game Over ' + '成績為 ' + that.snake.mark); clearInterval(timeId); } }, 150) } //無敵版本蛇運動 function runSnake1() { var timeId1 = setInterval(function() { that.snake.move(that.food, that.map); that.snake.render(that.map); //判斷地圖邊界 var maxX = (that.map.offsetWidth - that.snake.width) / that.snake.width; var maxY = (that.map.offsetHeight - that.snake.height) / that.snake.height; var headX = that.snake.kont[0].x; var headY = that.snake.kont[0].y; if (headX < 0) { that.snake.kont[0].x = (that.map.offsetWidth - that.snake.width) / that.snake.width; } else if (headX > maxX) { that.snake.kont[0].x = 0; } else if (headY < 0) { that.snake.kont[0].y = (that.map.offsetHeight - that.snake.height) / that.snake.height; } else if (headY > maxY) { that.snake.kont[0].y = 0; } }, 50) } //通過鍵盤控制蛇頭方向 function keydown() { document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { //通過事件對象判斷按了哪個鍵 37left,38top,39right,40bottom // console.log(e.keyCode); //其在走的同時按下反方向無用 if (e.keyCode == 37 && that.snake.direction != 'right') { that.snake.direction = 'left'; } else if (e.keyCode == 38 && that.snake.direction != 'bottom') { that.snake.direction = 'top'; } else if (e.keyCode == 39 && that.snake.direction != 'left') { that.snake.direction = 'right'; } else if (e.keyCode == 40 && that.snake.direction != 'top') { that.snake.direction = 'bottom'; } }); } function keydown1() { document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { //通過事件對象判斷按了哪個鍵 37left,38top,39right,40bottom // console.log(e.keyCode); //無敵版本四面八方任你行 if (e.keyCode == 37) { that.snake.direction = 'left'; } else if (e.keyCode == 38) { that.snake.direction = 'top'; } else if (e.keyCode == 39) { that.snake.direction = 'right'; } else if (e.keyCode == 40) { that.snake.direction = 'bottom'; } }); } //把Game開放 window.Game = Game; })() })
5)main開啟游戲
window.addEventListener('load', function() { (function(window, undefind) { //測試 var map = document.querySelector('.map'); var game = new Game(map); game.start(); })(window, undefined) })
last but not least
*建議把所有js文件寫在同一個js文件中,可以大大提高加載速度。注意在每個立即執行函數前加上‘ ;',以免出錯。
看完上述內容,是不是對javascript實現貪吃蛇經典游戲的方法有進一步的了解,如果還想學習更多內容,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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