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keras模型如何保存為tensorflow的二進制模型

發布時間:2020-07-22 11:32:41 來源:億速云 閱讀:333 作者:小豬 欄目:開發技術

這篇文章主要講解了keras模型如何保存為tensorflow的二進制模型,內容清晰明了,對此有興趣的小伙伴可以學習一下,相信大家閱讀完之后會有幫助。

最近需要將使用keras訓練的模型移植到手機上使用, 因此需要轉換到tensorflow的二進制模型。

折騰一下午,終于找到一個合適的方法,廢話不多說,直接上代碼:

# coding=utf-8
import sys

from keras.models import load_model
import tensorflow as tf
import os
import os.path as osp
from keras import backend as K

def freeze_session(session, keep_var_names=None, output_names=None, clear_devices=True):
 """
 Freezes the state of a session into a prunned computation graph.

 Creates a new computation graph where variable nodes are replaced by
 constants taking their current value in the session. The new graph will be
 prunned so subgraphs that are not neccesary to compute the requested
 outputs are removed.
 @param session The TensorFlow session to be frozen.
 @param keep_var_names A list of variable names that should not be frozen,
       or None to freeze all the variables in the graph.
 @param output_names Names of the relevant graph outputs.
 @param clear_devices Remove the device directives from the graph for better portability.
 @return The frozen graph definition.
 """
 from tensorflow.python.framework.graph_util import convert_variables_to_constants
 graph = session.graph
 with graph.as_default():
  freeze_var_names = list(set(v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()).difference(keep_var_names or []))
  output_names = output_names or []
  output_names += [v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()]
  input_graph_def = graph.as_graph_def()
  if clear_devices:
   for node in input_graph_def.node:
    node.device = ""
  frozen_graph = convert_variables_to_constants(session, input_graph_def,
              output_names, freeze_var_names)
  return frozen_graph

input_fld = sys.path[0]
weight_file = 'your_model.h6'
output_graph_name = 'tensor_model.pb'

output_fld = input_fld + '/tensorflow_model/'
if not os.path.isdir(output_fld):
 os.mkdir(output_fld)
weight_file_path = osp.join(input_fld, weight_file)

K.set_learning_phase(0)
net_model = load_model(weight_file_path)

print('input is :', net_model.input.name)
print ('output is:', net_model.output.name)

sess = K.get_session()

frozen_graph = freeze_session(K.get_session(), output_names=[net_model.output.op.name])

from tensorflow.python.framework import graph_io

graph_io.write_graph(frozen_graph, output_fld, output_graph_name, as_text=False)

print('saved the constant graph (ready for inference) at: ', osp.join(output_fld, output_graph_name))

上面代碼實現保存到當前目錄的tensor_model目錄下。

驗證:

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import PIL.Image as Image
import cv2

def recognize(jpg_path, pb_file_path):
 with tf.Graph().as_default():
  output_graph_def = tf.GraphDef()

  with open(pb_file_path, "rb") as f:
   output_graph_def.ParseFromString(f.read())
   tensors = tf.import_graph_def(output_graph_def, name="")
   print tensors

  with tf.Session() as sess:
   init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
   sess.run(init)

   op = sess.graph.get_operations()
   
   for m in op:
    print(m.values())

   input_x = sess.graph.get_tensor_by_name("convolution2d_1_input:0") #具體名稱看上一段代碼的input.name
   print input_x

   out_softmax = sess.graph.get_tensor_by_name("activation_4/Softmax:0") #具體名稱看上一段代碼的output.name

   print out_softmax

   img = cv2.imread(jpg_path, 0)
   img_out_softmax = sess.run(out_softmax,
          feed_dict={input_x: 1.0 - np.array(img).reshape((-1,28, 28, 1)) / 255.0})

   print "img_out_softmax:", img_out_softmax
   prediction_labels = np.argmax(img_out_softmax, axis=1)
   print "label:", prediction_labels

pb_path = 'tensorflow_model/constant_graph_weights.pb'
img = 'test/6/8_48.jpg'
recognize(img, pb_path)

補充知識:如何將keras訓練好的模型轉換成tensorflow的.pb的文件并在TensorFlow serving環境調用

首先keras訓練好的模型通過自帶的model.save()保存下來是 .model (.h6) 格式的文件

模型載入是通過 my_model = keras . models . load_model( filepath )

要將該模型轉換為.pb 格式的TensorFlow 模型,代碼如下:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from keras.layers.core import Activation, Dense, Flatten
from keras.layers.embeddings import Embedding
from keras.layers.recurrent import LSTM
from keras.layers import Dropout
from keras.layers.wrappers import Bidirectional
from keras.models import Sequential,load_model
from keras.preprocessing import sequence
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import collections
from collections import defaultdict
import jieba
import numpy as np
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
import tensorflow as tf
import os
import os.path as osp
from keras import backend as K
def freeze_session(session, keep_var_names=None, output_names=None, clear_devices=True):
 from tensorflow.python.framework.graph_util import convert_variables_to_constants
 graph = session.graph
 with graph.as_default():
  freeze_var_names = list(set(v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()).difference(keep_var_names or []))
  output_names = output_names or []
  output_names += [v.op.name for v in tf.global_variables()]
  input_graph_def = graph.as_graph_def()
  if clear_devices:
   for node in input_graph_def.node:
    node.device = ""
  frozen_graph = convert_variables_to_constants(session, input_graph_def,
              output_names, freeze_var_names)
  return frozen_graph
input_fld = '/data/codebase/Keyword-fenci/brand_recogniton_biLSTM/'
weight_file = 'biLSTM_brand_recognize.model'
output_graph_name = 'tensor_model_v3.pb'

output_fld = input_fld + '/tensorflow_model/'
if not os.path.isdir(output_fld):
 os.mkdir(output_fld)
weight_file_path = osp.join(input_fld, weight_file)

K.set_learning_phase(0)
net_model = load_model(weight_file_path)

print('input is :', net_model.input.name)
print ('output is:', net_model.output.name)

sess = K.get_session()

frozen_graph = freeze_session(K.get_session(), output_names=[net_model.output.op.name])
from tensorflow.python.framework import graph_io

graph_io.write_graph(frozen_graph, output_fld, output_graph_name, as_text=True)

print('saved the constant graph (ready for inference) at: ', osp.join(output_fld, output_graph_name))

然后模型就存成了.pb格式的文件

問題就來了,這樣存下來的.pb格式的文件是frozen model

如果通過TensorFlow serving 啟用模型的話,會報錯:

E tensorflow_serving/core/aspired_versions_manager.cc:358] Servable {name: mnist version: 1} cannot be loaded: Not found: Could not find meta graph def matching supplied tags: { serve }. To inspect available tag-sets in the SavedModel, please use the SavedModel CLI: `saved_model_cli`

因為TensorFlow serving 希望讀取的是saved model

于是需要將frozen model 轉化為 saved model 格式,解決方案如下:

from tensorflow.python.saved_model import signature_constants
from tensorflow.python.saved_model import tag_constants

export_dir = '/data/codebase/Keyword-fenci/brand_recogniton_biLSTM/saved_model'
graph_pb = '/data/codebase/Keyword-fenci/brand_recogniton_biLSTM/tensorflow_model/tensor_model.pb'

builder = tf.saved_model.builder.SavedModelBuilder(export_dir)

with tf.gfile.GFile(graph_pb, "rb") as f:
 graph_def = tf.GraphDef()
 graph_def.ParseFromString(f.read())

sigs = {}

with tf.Session(graph=tf.Graph()) as sess:
 # name="" is important to ensure we don't get spurious prefixing
 tf.import_graph_def(graph_def, name="")
 g = tf.get_default_graph()
 inp = g.get_tensor_by_name(net_model.input.name)
 out = g.get_tensor_by_name(net_model.output.name)

 sigs[signature_constants.DEFAULT_SERVING_SIGNATURE_DEF_KEY] = \
  tf.saved_model.signature_def_utils.predict_signature_def(
   {"in": inp}, {"out": out})

 builder.add_meta_graph_and_variables(sess,
           [tag_constants.SERVING],
           signature_def_map=sigs)
builder.save()

于是保存下來的saved model 文件夾下就有兩個文件:

saved_model.pb variables

其中variables 可以為空

于是將.pb 模型導入serving再讀取,成功!

看完上述內容,是不是對keras模型如何保存為tensorflow的二進制模型有進一步的了解,如果還想學習更多內容,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。

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