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因使用源碼安裝的MySQL5.7.28多實例，在導入數據庫時會出現問題，所以重新研究使用mysql_multi的方法來管理多實例，經過測試環境驗證之后，在各方面使用上特別在備份還原上，沒有報MySQL5.7.28多實例的問題，踩了不少坑，這里我將我的部署過程分享下，如果在哪里出問題的，還請多多指正與指導，謝謝！！
參考文章：Centos7.5安裝mysql5.7.24二進制包方式部署
https://www.jb51.net/article/151867.htm
本從就直接從2.7章節開始安裝mysql多實例，具體部署過程如下：
2.7 安裝mysql多實例
2.7.1. 創建軟件安裝目錄(部署路徑請根據實際修改)
[root@~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/{3306,3307}
[root@~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3306/{logs,data,binlog}
[root@~]# mkdir -v /data/mysql/3307/{logs,data,binlog}
2.7.2. MySQL安裝包下載
[root@~]# cd /opt [root@~]# wget -c https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@~]# mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [root@~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql [root@~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
2.7.3. MySQL參數配置
配置my.cnf參數文件
（1）server_id=3306與server_id=3307數值請根據實際配置，注意配置的id值與局域網內其他各實例所配置的數值不可以沖突；
（2）max_connections=1000配置MySQL數據庫的最大連接數，根據實際需要配置，其他參數的優化根據實際需要修改或添
加；
（3）配置文件全部內容如下
[root@~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /data/mysql/mysqld_multi.log #user=root #pass= [mysql] prompt="\u@jsshapp \R:\m:\s [\d]> " no-auto-rehash [mysqld3306] user = mysql port = 3306 symbolic-links = 0 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3306/data socket = /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3306/mysqld3306.pid server_id = 3306 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3306/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3306/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqld3307] user = mysql port = 3307 symbolic-links = 0 lower_case_table_names = 1 #basedir = /usr/ datadir = /data/mysql/3307/data socket = /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/3307/mysqld3307.pid server_id = 3307 character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 1000 skip_name_resolve = 1 open_files_limit = 65536 thread_cache_size = 64 table_open_cache = 4096 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 max_prepared_stmt_count = 1048576 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true log_timestamps = system binlog_format = row log_bin = /data/mysql/3307/binlog/mysql-bin binlog_rows_query_log_events = on expire_logs_days = 7 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G sync_binlog = 1 slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/3307/data/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = on long_query_time = 1.000000 gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = on default_storage_engine = innodb default_tmp_storage_engine = innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:2000M innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1024M innodb_open_files = 4096 innodb_page_size = 16k innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = on innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 128 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 200 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 #innodb_flush_neighbors = innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 autocommit = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
2.7.4. 配置MySQL環境變量
[root@~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile [root@~]# tail -1 /etc/profile [root@~]# source /etc/profile
2.7.5. testone實例初始化
操作實例初始化
[root@~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data/ > /tmp/3306.log 2>&1 [root@~]# tail -100f /tmp/3306.log ---使用tail命令查看初始化日志，有出現如下內容，即表示初始化完成（其中#5+t+xYW+<t?即為root用戶的臨時密碼） A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #5+t+xYW+<t?
生成ssl文件
[root@~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data
啟動testone實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3306 [root@~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3306/logs/error.log ----使用tail命令查看啟動日志，有出現即表示啟動成功 Version: '5.7.28-log' socket: '/data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密碼
[root@~]# less /tmp/3306.log | grep 'A temporary password' [root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock Enter password: mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '統一密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit;
驗證 testone root用戶統一密碼（界面正常輸出information_schema內容表示正常）
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock -e "show databases;" | grep information_schema Enter password:
修改my.cnf配置文件，將修改的統一密碼，添加到配置文件中
[root@~]# sed -i "s@^#user=root@user=root@g" /etc/my.cnf [root@~]# sed -i "s@^#pass=@pass=統一密碼@g" /etc/my.cnf [root@~]# cat /etc/my.cnf | grep pass= ---使用cat命令查看配置文件pass字段輸出的結果是否一致
停止testone實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306 [root@~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3306 ---輸入結果為空表示服務停止正常
2.7.6. testtwo實例初始化
操作實例初始化
[root@~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data/ > /tmp/3307.log 2>&1 [root@~]# tail -100f /tmp/3307.log ---使用tail命令查看初始化日志，有出現如下內容，即表示初始化完成（其中-pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I即為root用戶的臨時密碼） A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -pn>t;Ye)Ay6=I 生成ssl文件 [root@~]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/3307/data
啟動testwo實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
----使用tail命令查看啟動日志，有出現即表示啟動成功
[root@~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/3307/logs/error.log Version: '5.7.28-log' socket: '/data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock' port: 3307 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
修改root密碼
[root@~]# less /tmp/3307.log|grep 'A temporary password' [root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock Enter password: mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '統一密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit;
驗證 testtwo root用戶統一密碼（界面正常輸出information_schema內容表示正常）
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock -e "show databases;" | grep information_schema
Enter password:
停止testtwo實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307 [root@~]# netstat -tnlp|grep 3307 ---輸入結果為空表示服務停止正常
2.7.7. mysqld_multi多實例管理命令
啟動全部實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start
停止單個實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306 [root@~]# mysqld_multi stop 3307
啟動單個實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3306 [root@~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
查看全部實例的狀態(is running)
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
查看單個實例狀態
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report 3306 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running [root@~]# mysqld_multi report 3307 Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
停止全部實例
[root@~]# mysqld_multi stop
2.7.8. 數據導入
（1）將待導入的數據庫腳本（test.sql、testtwo.sql）文件（名稱根據實際情況操作）上傳至/data/路徑下
（2）使用命令確認兩實例已經處于運行狀態
[root@~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
（3）進入testone的mysql數據庫創建testone數據庫實例、用戶名及密碼并導入數據
[root@~]# cd /data/ [root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock Enter password: mysql>create database testone default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,execute on testone.* to 'testone'@'%' identified by '密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit [root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3306/mysql3306.sock testone < /data/test.sql
（3）進入testtwo的mysql數據庫，創建testtwo服務數據庫實例、用戶名與密碼并導入數據
[root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock Enter password: mysql> create database testtwo default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,create,alter,execute on testtwo.* to 'testtwo'@'%' identified by '密碼'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit [root@~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/mysql/3307/mysql3307.sock testtwo < /data/testtwo.sql
2.7.9. 防火墻配置
根據實際要求，添加開放端口
[root@~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent [root@~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent
重新載入
[root@~]# firewall-cmd --reload
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的CentOS7.5使用mysql_multi方式安裝MySQL5.7.28多實例，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對億速云網站的支持！如果你覺得本文對你有幫助，歡迎轉載，煩請注明出處，謝謝！
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