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這篇文章將為大家詳細講解有關計算器利用python GUI來實現,小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲。具體內容如下
(1)計算器界面如下:
(2)基本滿足了計算器的所有需求,使用時不可鍵盤輸入,只能鼠標點擊左鍵才可執行。初始時顯示0.0,每次輸入的內容存于D:\num.txt(啟動程序時自動創建)
(3)" AC " 記錄清零返回初始 0.0;" delete " 刪除上一個輸入內容;" +/- " 將正數為負數,負數為正數
(4)對于不同的進制數值系統,小數的精準值不同。
因此計算機會出現 0.1+0.2=0.3000000000004 的現象
能對數據進行截斷處理,可以解決問題,但精度喪失。
(此計算機沒有進行截斷處理)
import tkinter,os from tkinter import * def temp(string):#空白間隔 temp=tkinter.Frame(string,width=20,height=50) temp.pack() flag=0 node=0 def num_work(): #更新顯示框Lable global flag global node with open("D:\\num.txt") as f: for length in f: string=length top_work.configure(text=string.strip('\n')) # 重新設置標簽文本 root.after(500,num_work) # 每隔0.5s調用函數num_work自身獲取結果 def num_math_int(num1,num2):#整數運算 try: if num2[0]=='+': string=int(num1)+int(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='-': string=int(num1)-int(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='x': string=int(num1)*int(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='/': string=int(num1)/int(num2[1:]) with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f: f.write('\n'+str(string)+'\n') except: with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f: f.write('\n錯誤') def num_math_float(num1,num2):#小數運算 try: if num2[0]=='+': string=float(num1)+float(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='-': string=float(num1)-float(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='x': string=float(num1)*float(num2[1:]) elif num2[0]=='/': string=float(num1)/float(num2[1:]) if flag==0: with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f: f.write('\n'+str(string)+'\n') else: with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f: f.write('\n'+str(string)) except: with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f: f.write('\n錯誤') def decimal(num): if num.count('%')>0: num=num.replace('%','') num=num.replace('\n','') if num.isnumeric(): num=str(float(num)/100) else: num=num[0]+str(float(num[1:])/100) return num def work(string):#按鍵對應的功能 if string.isnumeric(): with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write(string) else: #讀取文件D:\\num.txt所有內容 lists=[] with open("D:\\num.txt","r") as file: for length in file: lists.append(length) if string=='AC': with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file: file.write('0.0\n') elif string=='=': num1=lists[-2] num2=lists[-1] if num1=='\n':#解決末尾為換行的情況 num1=lists[-3] #將百分數小數化 #出現結果多0.0000000001 num1=decimal(num1) num2=decimal(num2) try: #判斷兩個數是整數還是小數 number=int(num1) number=int(num2[1:]) num_math_int(num1,num2)#兩個數進行整數運算 except: num_math_float(num1,num2)#兩個數進行小數運算 elif string=='.': if lists[-1].count('.')==0:#判斷結尾是否有小數點,沒有寫入否則報錯 with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write(string) else: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write('\n錯誤') elif string=='+/-': if lists[-1].count('-')==0:#-+為- if lists[-1].count('+')==1: lists[-1]=lists[-1].replace('+','') lists[-1]='-'+lists[-1] else: #--為+ lists[-1]=lists[-1].replace('-','+') #更新文件 with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file: pass for length in lists: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write(length) elif string=='delete': number=lists[-1] lists[-1]=number[0:(len(number)-1)]#刪除一位 #更新文件 with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file: pass for length in lists: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write(length) elif string=='%': if lists[-1].endswith("%")==False: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write(string) else: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write('\n錯誤') else: with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file: file.write('\n'+string) def run():#計算器顯示界面主體 if os.path.exists("D:\\num.txt")==False: with open("D:\\num.txt",'w') as f: f.write('0.0\n') global root#定義全局變量root,方便Label更新 root=tkinter.Tk() root.title("計算器") #x = root.winfo_screenwidth() #獲取當前屏幕的寬 #y = root.winfo_screenheight() #獲取當前屏幕的高 #print(((x-500)//2),((y-600)//2))#為居中提供的參數 root.geometry('400x500+760+290')#主體長400,高500,居中 top=tkinter.Frame(root,width=20,height=50) top.pack() global top_work#定義全局變量root temp(top)#空白間隔 #計算器顯示框 top_work=tkinter.Label(top,text='',justify='left',relief=SUNKEN,bd=10,bg='white',width=40) top_work.pack(side='bottom')#計算器顯示框(位置居下) num_work() temp(root)#空白間隔 number=tkinter.Frame(root)#成放計算機鍵盤的容器 number.pack() #所有按鍵,AC鍵為事例 numberAC=tkinter.Button(number,text="AC",width=10,command=lambda : work('AC')).grid(row=0,column=0) #左鍵點擊,執行函數work #按鍵位置(0,0) numberdelete=tkinter.Button(number,text="delete",width=10,command=lambda : work('delete')).grid(row=0,column=1) numberzhengfu=tkinter.Button(number,text="+/-",width=10,command=lambda : work('+/-')).grid(row=0,column=2) numberchu=tkinter.Button(number,text="/",width=10,command=lambda : work('/')).grid(row=0,column=3) tkinter.Button(number,text="7",width=10,command=lambda : work('7')).grid(row=1,column=0) tkinter.Button(number,text="8",width=10,command=lambda : work('8')).grid(row=1,column=1) tkinter.Button(number,text="9",width=10,command=lambda : work('9')).grid(row=1,column=2) tkinter.Button(number,text="x",width=10,command=lambda : work('x')).grid(row=1,column=3) tkinter.Button(number,text="4",width=10,command=lambda : work('4')).grid(row=2,column=0) tkinter.Button(number,text="5",width=10,command=lambda : work('5')).grid(row=2,column=1) tkinter.Button(number,text="6",width=10,command=lambda : work('6')).grid(row=2,column=2) tkinter.Button(number,text="-",width=10,command=lambda : work('-')).grid(row=2,column=3) tkinter.Button(number,text="1",width=10,command=lambda : work('1')).grid(row=3,column=0) tkinter.Button(number,text="2",width=10,command=lambda : work('2')).grid(row=3,column=1) tkinter.Button(number,text="3",width=10,command=lambda : work('3')).grid(row=3,column=2) tkinter.Button(number,text="+",width=10,command=lambda : work('+')).grid(row=3,column=3) tkinter.Button(number,text="%",width=10,command=lambda : work('%')).grid(row=4,column=0) tkinter.Button(number,text="0",width=10,command=lambda : work('0')).grid(row=4,column=1) tkinter.Button(number,text=".",width=10,command=lambda : work('.')).grid(row=4,column=2) tkinter.Button(number,text="=",width=10,command=lambda : work('=')).grid(row=4,column=3) root.mainloop() if __name__=='__main__': run()
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