在Ruby中，處理目錄操作的異常主要使用Dir類的相關方法，并在可能引發異常的代碼塊中使用begin-rescue語句。以下是一些常見的目錄操作及其異常處理方法：
begin
Dir.mkdir("new_directory")
rescue Errno::EEXIST => e
puts "Directory already exists: #{e.message}"
rescue SystemStackError => e
puts "Stack level too deep: #{e.message}"
rescue => e
puts "An unexpected error occurred: #{e.message}"
end
begin
Dir.rmdir("new_directory")
rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
puts "Directory does not exist: #{e.message}"
rescue Errno::ENOTDIR => e
puts "Not a directory: #{e.message}"
rescue SystemStackError => e
puts "Stack level too deep: #{e.message}"
rescue => e
puts "An unexpected error occurred: #{e.message}"
end
begin
Dir.chdir("new_directory")
rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
puts "Directory does not exist: #{e.message}"
rescue SystemStackError => e
puts "Stack level too deep: #{e.message}"
rescue => e
puts "An unexpected error occurred: #{e.message}"
end
begin
Dir.entries("new_directory")
rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
puts "Directory does not exist: #{e.message}"
rescue SystemStackError => e
puts "Stack level too deep: #{e.message}"
rescue => e
puts "An unexpected error occurred: #{e.message}"
end
在這些示例中，我們使用了begin-rescue語句來捕獲可能引發的異常。每個rescue子句都用于處理特定類型的異常，例如Errno::EEXIST表示目錄已存在，Errno::ENOENT表示目錄不存在等。如果沒有異常發生，程序將正常執行。如果有異常發生，程序將跳到相應的rescue子句并執行其中的代碼。
